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Taxon:  Olea europaea L.



Summary
Genus:
Olea
Subgenus:
Olea
Section:
Olea
Family:
Oleaceae
Tribe:
Oleeae
Nomen number:
25555
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:8. 1753
Verified:
01/29/2004 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
187 (187  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Olea europaea L. subsp. cerasiformis G. Kunkel & Sunding (0 active accession[s])
Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata (Wall. ex G. Don) Cif. (0 active accession[s])
Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea (0 active accession[s])
Olea europaea L. subsp. guanchica P. Vargas et al. (0 active accession[s])
Olea europaea L. subsp. laperrinei (Batt. & Trab.) Cif. (0 active accession[s])
Olea europaea L. subsp. maroccana (Greuter & Burdet) P. Vargas et al. (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  2. Besnard, G. et al. 2002. Olea europaea (Oleaceae) phylogeography based on chloroplast DNA polymorphism. Theor. Appl. Genet. 104:1353-1361. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  3. Besnard, G. et al. 2009. Plastid and nuclear DNA polymorphism reveals historical processes of isolation and reticulation in the olive tree complex (Olea europaea). J. Biogeogr. 34:736-752.
  4. Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. Flores des Mascareignes. 1976-
  5. Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt checklist. 1995
  6. Boutelje, J. B. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature. 1980
  7. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
  8. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988 Note: with two varieties
  9. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  10. Exell, A. W. et al., eds. Flora zambesiaca. 1960- http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
  11. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Olea+europaea&quantity=1
  12. Green, P. S. 2002. A revision of Olea L.. Kew Bull. 57:93-99.
  13. Greuter, W. et al., eds. Med-Checklist. 1984-
  14. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  15. Hackett, C. & J. Carolane. Edible Horticultural Crops. 1982 Note: Academic Press
  16. Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17. 1993
  17. Hnatiuk, R. J. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11. 1990
  18. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
  19. Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2004 http://www.gobcan.es/cmayot/interreg/atlantico/documentos/LESDCanarias.pdf
  20. Kunkel, G. Plants for human consumption. 1984
  21. Médail, F. et al. 2001. Systematics, ecology and phylogeographic significance of Olea europaea L. ssp. maroccana (Greuter & Burdet) P. Vargas et al., a relictual olive tree in south-west Morocco. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137:249-266.
  22. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
  23. Meikle, R. D. Flora of Cyprus. 1977-1985
  24. Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. Noxious weeds of Australia. 1992 Note: Inkata Press, Melbourne
  25. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  26. Terral, J.-F. et al. 2004. Historical biogeography of olive domestication (Olea europaea L.) as revealed by geometrical morphometry applied to biological and archaeological material. J. Biogeogr. 31:63-77.
  27. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  28. Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
  29. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). http://www.prota4u.info/
Common names
English
olive –
oliveleaf –
small-fruit olive –
French
olivier –
Portuguese
oliveira –
Portuguese (Brazil)
azeitona –
Swahili
mzaituni –
mzeituni –
Swedish
olivträd –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaKenya  
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  
1NativeAfricaEast Tropical AfricaUganda  
1NativeAfricaMacaronesiaPortugalMadeira Islands 
1NativeAfricaMacaronesiaSpainCanary Islands 
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSomalia  
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMalawi  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMozambique  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZambia  
1NativeAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZimbabwe  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaBotswana  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaNamibia  
1NativeAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
1NativeAfricaWestern Indian OceanMadagascar  
1NativeAfricaWestern Indian OceanMauritius  
1NativeAfricaWestern Indian OceanReunion  
1NativeAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaSaudi Arabia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaYemen  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern Asia******  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeFormer Yugoslavia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. Crete
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. Corsica
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
2Cultivated    widely cult.
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States w.
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
Native
Africa
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
  • MACARONESIA: Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa
  • WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion
Asia-Temperate
  • ARABIAN PENINSULA: Saudi Arabia, Yemen
  • WESTERN ASIA: Cyprus, ******, Jordan, Turkey
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily)
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Naturalized
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Northern America
  • REGION: United States (w.)
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
Economic Uses
Medicines
Weed
(fide Invasive Pl Spec) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

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Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

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