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GRIN-Global
National Genebank of Tunisia
Version: 2.0.3.3
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Taxon:
Viola alba
Besser
Nomenclature
Common Names
Distribution
Economic Uses
Summary
Genus:
Viola
Family:
Violaceae
Subfamily:
Violoideae
Tribe:
Violeae
Nomen number:
101095
Place of publication:
Prim. fl. Galiciae austriac. 1:171. 1809
Verified:
02/13/2003
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0
(
0
active,
0
available)
in National Plant Germplasm System.
Other conspecific taxa
Viola alba
Besser subsp.
alba
(0 active accession[s])
Viola alba
Besser subsp.
cretica
(Boiss. & Heldr.) Marcussen
(0 active accession[s])
Viola alba
Besser subsp.
dehnhardtii
(Ten.) W. Becker
(0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson.
Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009
Note:
based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
http://www.skud.info
Castroviejo, S. et al., eds.
Flora iberica: plantas vasculares de la Peninsula Iberica e Islas Baleares. 1989-
Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds.
Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols. 1986-1987
Czerepanov, S. K.
Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). 1995
Note:
Cambridge University Press
Davis, P. H., ed.
Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist.
Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2. 1991
Huxley, A., ed.
The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
Komarov, V. L. et al., eds.
Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium.
Hortus third. 1976
Marcussen, T. & I. Nordal.
1998.
Viola suavis
, a new species in the Nordic flora, with analyses of the relation to other species in the subsection Viola (Violaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 18:221.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291756-1051/issues
Marcussen, T.
2003. Evolution, phylogeography, and taxonomy within the
Viola alba
complex (Violaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 237:51-74.
http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/606
Meikle, R. D.
Flora of Cyprus. 1977-1985
Mouterde, P.
Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. 1966-
Pignatti, S.
Flora d'Italia. 1982
Rechinger, K. H., ed.
Flora iranica. 1963-
Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest.
Flora of Iraq. 1966-
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds.
Flora europaea. 1964-1980
Common names
English
Parma violet –
Reference(s)
white violet –
Reference(s)
Swedish
silverviol –
Reference(s)
Distribution
Exportable format
order_code
Status
Continent
Subcontinent
Country
State
Note
1
Native
Africa
Northern Africa
Algeria
n.
1
Native
Africa
Northern Africa
Morocco
n.
1
Native
Africa
Northern Africa
Tunisia
n.
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Armenia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Azerbaijan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Georgia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Russian Federation
Dagestan
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
Ciscaucasia
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Cyprus
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Iraq
n.
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Syria
1
Native
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Turkey
1
Native
Europe
East Europe
Moldova
1
Native
Europe
East Europe
Ukraine
incl. Krym
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Austria
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Czech Republic
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Hungary
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Poland
s.
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Slovakia
1
Native
Europe
Middle Europe
Switzerland
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Albania
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Bosnia and Herzegovina
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Bulgaria
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Croatia
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Greece
incl. Crete
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Italy
incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Montenegro
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
North Macedonia
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Romania
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Serbia
1
Native
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Slovenia
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
France
incl. Corsica
1
Native
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Spain
incl. Baleares
4
Naturalized
Europe
Northern Europe
Sweden
4
Naturalized
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Portugal
Native
Africa
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria
(n.),
Morocco
(n.),
Tunisia
(n.)
Asia-Temperate
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
[Ciscaucasia],
Armenia
,
Azerbaijan
,
Georgia
,
Russian Federation
[Dagestan]
WESTERN ASIA:
Cyprus
,
Iraq
(n.),
Syria
,
Turkey
Europe
EAST EUROPE:
Moldova
,
Ukraine
(incl. Krym)
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria
,
Switzerland
,
Czech Republic
,
Hungary
,
Poland
(s.),
Slovakia
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania
,
Bulgaria
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Greece
(incl. Crete),
Croatia
,
Italy
(incl. Sardinia, Sicily),
North Macedonia
,
Montenegro
,
Romania
,
Serbia
,
Slovenia
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain
(incl. Baleares),
France
(incl. Corsica)
Naturalized
Europe
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Sweden
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Portugal
Economic Uses
Food additives
Name
References
Economic Uses