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Taxon:  Conium maculatum L.



Summary
Genus:
Conium
Family:
Apiaceae (alt. Umbelliferae)
Subfamily:
Apioideae
Nomen number:
11262
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:243. 1753
Verified:
05/20/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  2. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. 1993
  3. Brouillet, L., F. et al., compilers. Database of vascular plants of Canada (VASCAN) (on-line resource). 2010 http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search/
  4. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
  5. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998 Note: poisonous
  6. Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. 1970
  7. Cufodontis, G. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta. 1953-1972
  8. Davidse, G. et al., eds. Flora mesoamericana. 1994
  9. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
  10. Demilly, D. et al. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7. 2001 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
  11. Der Marderosian, A. & L. Liberti. Natural product medicine: a scientific guide to foods, drugs, cosmetics. 1988
  12. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  13. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  14. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  15. Exell, A. W. et al., eds. Flora zambesiaca. 1960- http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
  16. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Conium+maculatum&quantity=1
  17. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. 2003
  18. Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2. 1991
  19. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  20. Harling, G. & B. Sparre, eds. Flora of Ecuador. 1973-
  21. Hnatiuk, R. J. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11. 1990
  22. Holm, L. et al. World weeds: natural histories and distribution. 1997 225. Note: John Wiley & Sons, New York
  23. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. 2008 http://www2.darwin.edu.ar/Proyectos/FloraArgentina/FA.asp
  24. Jahandiez, E. & R. Maire. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc. 1931-1941
  25. Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
  26. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  27. Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants. 1985 Note: poisonous
  28. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993
  29. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  30. Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance. 1944. Umbelliferae. North American flora ser. 1, 1905-1957; ser. 2, 1954-1972 28B:137
  31. McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). Flora of the Great Plains. 1986
  32. Meikle, R. D. Flora of Cyprus. 1977-1985
  33. Mouterde, P. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. 1966-
  34. Mukherjee, P. K. & L. Constance. Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) of India. 1993
  35. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
  36. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
  37. Pammel, L. H. Manual of poisonous plants. 1911 Note: poisonous
  38. Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. Noxious weeds of Australia. 1992 Note: Inkata Press, Melbourne
  39. Pottier-Alapetite, G. Flore de la Tunisie: Angiospermes-Dicotyledones. 1979-1981
  40. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie. 1962-1963
  41. Radford, A. E. et al. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. 1964
  42. Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
  43. Seed Regulatory and Testing Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act (updated annually). http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELPRDC5090172
  44. Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. Flora of Guatemala. 1946-1976
  45. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  46. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). Note: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/apiaceae/conium-maculatum/fichas/pagina1.htm
  47. Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
  48. Welsh, S. L. et al. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Mem. 9. 1987
  49. Whitson, T. D. et al., eds. Weeds of the West, ed. 5. 1999
  50. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
  51. Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. Flora palaestina. 1966-
Common names
English
carrot-fern –
fool's-parsley –
hemlock –
poison-hemlock –
spotted-hemlock –
spotted-parsley –
French
grande ciguë –
French (Canada)
cigüe maculée –
Portuguese (Brazil)
cicuta –
funcho-selvagem –
Spanish
encaje cimarrón –
panalillo –
zanahoria silvestre –
Spanish (Guatemala)
perejil de chucho –
perejil de monte –
Swedish
odört –
Distribution
Native
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia]
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India [Jammu and Kashmir], Pakistan (n.)
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France, Portugal
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique, Zimbabwe
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa [Western Cape]
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China [Xinjiang]
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Northern America
  • REGION: Mexico, United States
  • EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Quebec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick]
  • WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia]
Pacific
  • NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia
Southern America
  • BRAZIL: Brazil
  • MESOAMERICA: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile, Uruguay
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
Economic Uses
Environmental
Harmful organism host
crop diseases (fide WorldWeeds 225. 1997) –
Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2) –
Vertebrate poisons
mammals (to humans and livestock fide Kingsbury; Lampe & McCann; Pammel; Der Marderosian; Cooper & Johnson ed2) –
Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Econ Pl Aust; Invasive Pl Spec) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.