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Taxon:  Casuarina equisetifolia L.



Summary
Genus:
Casuarina
Family:
Casuarinaceae
Nomen number:
9553
Place of publication:
Amoen. acad. 4:143. 1759 "equisefolia" (J. R. Forster & G. Forster, Char. gen. pl. 104, t. 52. 1776)
Comment:
see Friis (1980) for citation; Linnaeus's diagnosis, under the name Casuarina litorea, appears on p. 123
Verified:
08/12/1998 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
3 (3  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Adams, C. Flowering plants of Jamaica. 1972
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  3. Backer, C. A. & R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr. Flora of Java. 1963-1968
  4. Bentham, G. Flora australiensis. 1863-1878
  5. Boutelje, J. B. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature. 1980
  6. Campbell, F. T., ed. Report of National Coalition of Exotic Plant Pest Councils. 1995 (unpublished draft)
  7. Conant, P. et al. 1997. Appendix. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in North American natural areas. Assessment and management of plant invasions. 1997 255-267.
  8. Correll, D. S. & H. B. Correll. Flora of the Bahama archipelago. 1982
  9. Elevitch, C. R., ed. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry (on-line resource). Note: http://www.agroforestry.net/tti/Casuarina-she-oak.pdf
  10. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  11. Faridah Hanum, I. & L. J. G. van der Maesen, eds. 1997. Auxiliary plants. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 11:86. http://proseanet.org
  12. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Casuarina+equisetifolia&quantity=1
  13. Friis, I. 1980. The authority and date of publication of the genus Casuarina and its type species. Taxon 29:500. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax
  14. George, A. S., ed. 1989. Flora of Australia. 1980- 3:104.
  15. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  16. Guillaumin, A. Flore analytique et synoptique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. 1948
  17. Henderson, L. Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12. 2001
  18. Ho, K. Y. et al. 2002. An assessment of DNA polymorphisms and genetic relationships of Casuarina equisetifolia using RAPD markers. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 43:93-98.
  19. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource). http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html
  20. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
  21. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  22. Liogier, H. A. & L. F. Martorell. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis. 1982
  23. Little, E. L., Jr. Checklist of United States trees, Agric. Handb. 541. 1979
  24. Long, R. W. & O. Lakela. A flora of tropical Florida. 1971
  25. Nasir, S. M. & M. Athar. 1998. Fuelwood as an energy source. Phytologia 85:106. http://www.phytologia.org/
  26. National Academy of Sciences. Firewood crops. Shrub and tree species for energy production. 1980
  27. Parham, J. W. Plants of the Fiji islands, revised ed. 1972
  28. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  29. St. John, H. List and summary of the flowering plants in the Hawaiian islands. 1973
  30. Walker, E. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands. 1976
  31. Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
Common names
English
Australian beefwood –
Australian-pine –
beach casuarina –
beach she-oak –
beach-oak –
beefwoodtree –
coast she-oak –
coastal she-oak –
horsetail she-oak –
horsetailtree –
ironwood –
whistling-pine –
whistlingtree –
Afrikaans
perdestertboom –
French
bois de fer –
filao –
pin d'Australie –
German
Eisenholz –
Strandkasuarine –
Portuguese
casuarina –
pinheiro-da-Austrália –
Portuguese (Brazil)
casuarina-cinzenta –
Spanish
casuarina –
Swedish
kasuarina –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaVietnam  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  
1NativeAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
1NativeAsia-TropicalNorth Indian OceanIndiaAndaman and Nicobar 
1NativeAustralasiaAustraliaAustraliaNew South Walesn.e.
1NativeAustralasiaAustraliaAustraliaQueenslandn. & e.
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificMarshall Islands  
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificMicronesia  
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificNorthern Mariana Islands  
1NativePacificNorthwestern PacificPalau  
1NativePacificSouth-Central PacificFrench Polynesia  
1NativePacificSouthwestern PacificFiji  
1NativePacificSouthwestern PacificVanuatu  
2Cultivated    also cult.
4NaturalizedAfrica Africa  
4NaturalizedAfricaWestern Indian OceanReunion  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapan  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States s.e.
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificU.S. Outlying IslandsMidway Islands 
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
4NaturalizedPacificSouth-Central PacificCook Islands  
4NaturalizedPacificSouth-Central PacificFrench Polynesia  
4NaturalizedPacificSouth-Central PacificPitcairn  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificNauru  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificNiue  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificSamoa  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificWallis and Futuna Islands  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanWest Indies  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuadorGalapagos Islands 
Native
Asia-Tropical
  • INDO-CHINA: Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
  • NORTH INDIAN OCEAN: India [Andaman and Nicobar]
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia [New South Wales (n.e.), Queensland (n. & e.)]
Pacific
  • NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: French Polynesia
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, Vanuatu
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
  • REGION: Africa
  • WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Reunion
Asia-Temperate
  • EASTERN ASIA: Japan
Northern America
  • REGION: United States (s.e.)
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: U.S. Outlying Islands [Midway Islands], United States [Hawaii]
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: Cook Islands, Pitcairn, French Polynesia
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Niue, Nauru, Wallis and Futuna Islands, Samoa
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: West Indies
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador [Galapagos Islands]
Economic Uses
Environmental
Fuels
fuelwood (fide Firewood Cr) –
Materials
fiber (fide Pl Res SEAs 11:87. 1997) –
Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Rep NCEPPC; Invasive Pl Spec; Weeds SAfr 2001) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

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Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

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