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Taxon:  Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris



Summary
Genus:
Beta
Section:
Beta
Family:
Chenopodiaceae
Subfamily:
Betoideae
Tribe:
Beteae
Nomen number:
7057
Comment:
[treated here to include B. vulgaris Fodder Beet, Garden Beet, Leaf Beet, and Sugar Beet Groups]
Verified:
03/24/2009 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
14 (14  active, 5  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Beta vulgaris L. (4 active accession[s])
Beta vulgaris L. subsp. adanensis (Pamukc. ex Aellen) Ford-Lloyd & J. T. Williams (0 active accession[s])
Beta vulgaris L. subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang. (10 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Allan, H. H. B. et al. Flora of New Zealand. 1961- http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/index.aspx
  2. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource). http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/BSBI/taxonsearch.php
  3. Bramwell, D. & Z. Bramwell. Wild flowers of the Canary islands. 1974
  4. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
  5. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998 Note: poisonous
  6. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
  7. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  8. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage. 1993 Note: = B. vulgaris var. cicla
  9. Eriksson, O. et al. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2. 1979
  10. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  11. FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993- http://floranorthamerica.org/
  12. Ford-Lloyd, B. V. & J. T. Williams. 1975. A revision of Beta section Vulgares (Chenopodiaceae), with new light on the origin of cultivated beets. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71:89-102.
  13. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. 2003
  14. Greuter, W. et al., eds. 1984. Med-Checklist. 1984- 1:297.
  15. Hara, H. et al. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal. 1978-1982
  16. Hegi, G. et al. 1960. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa. ed. 1:1906-1931; ed. 2:1936-68; ed. 3:1966- 3:555.
  17. International Energy Agency. 2004. Biofuels for transport: an international perspective. (on-line resource). 1-216. Note: http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2004/biofuels2004.pdf
  18. International Seed Testing Association. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2. 1982
  19. Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
  20. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  21. Lange, W. et al. 1999. Taxonomy and cultonomy of beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 130:81-96.
  22. Letschert, J. P. W. et al. 1994. Taxonomy of Beta section Beta. J. Sugar Beet Res. 31:80.
  23. Letschert, J. P. W. 1993. Beta section Beta: biogeographical patterns of variation, and taxonomy. Agric. Univ. Wageningen Pap. 93-1:32.
  24. Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996
  25. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  26. Mansfeld, R. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2. 1959
  27. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
  28. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: accepts
  29. Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:84.
  30. Office of the Union. UPOV: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. List of the taxa protected by the members of the Union. 2009 http://www.upov.int/export/sites/upov/en/documents/c/43/c_43_06.pdf
  31. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  32. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie. 1962-1963
  33. Rehm, S. & G. Espig. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics. 1991
  34. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  35. Steenis, C. G. G. J. van, ed. Flora malesiana. 1948-
  36. Täckholm, V. Students' flora of Egypt, ed. 2. 1974
  37. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  38. Federal Seed Act and Regulations, Agricultural and Vegetable Kind Lists, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch. 1998 http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateI&navID=Publications&rightNav1=Publications&topNav=&leftNav=FairTradingRegulations&page=SeedTestingPublications&resultType=&acct=lsgeninfo
  39. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). http://www.prota4u.info/
Common names
English
beet –
beetroot –
field beet –
fodder beet –
foliage beet –
garden beet –
leaf beet –
mangel –
mangold –
red beet –
root beet –
Sicilian broad-rib beet –
spinach beet –
spinach chard –
sugarbeet –
Swiss chard –
yellow beet –
Arabic
shamandar –
French
betterave –
betterave fourragère –
betterave jaune –
betterave potagère –
betterave rouge –
betterave sucrière –
poirée à carde –
poirée à couper –
poirée bette –
German
Blatt-Mangold –
Futterrübe –
mangel Wurzel –
Mangold –
römische Bete –
rote Bete –
rote Rübe –
Runkelrübe –
Schnittmangold –
Stielmangold –
Zuckerrübe –
Italian
barbabietola –
barbabietola da foraggio –
barbabietola da zucchero –
bietola da coste –
bietola da orto –
Portuguese
acelga –
beterraba –
beterraba-açucareira –
beterraba-forrageira –
beterraba-sacarina –
Spanish
acelga –
acelga cardo –
betarraga azucarera –
betarraga forrajera –
remolacha amarilla –
remolacha azucarera –
remolacha colorada –
remolacha de mesa –
remolacha forrajera –
remolacha roja –
Swedish
beta –
Transcribed Chinese
tian cai –
Transcribed Korean
geundae –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
2Cultivated    widely cult.
3AdventiveAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
3AdventiveEuropeEast EuropeLatvia  
3AdventiveEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  
3AdventiveEuropeNorthern EuropeFinland  
3AdventiveEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
3AdventiveEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden  
3AdventiveEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  
3AdventiveEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance incl. Corsica
4Naturalized    occasionally natzd. elsewhere
4NaturalizedAfricaMacaronesiaPortugalMadeira Islands 
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaEastern Cape 
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth AfricaWestern Cape 
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sicily
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesConnecticut 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMaine 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMassachusetts 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew Hampshire 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew York 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesPennsylvania 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesRhode Island 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesVermont 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesWest Virginia 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesAlabama 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesNorth Carolina 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesSouth Carolina 
4NaturalizedNorthern AmericaSoutheastern U.S.A.United StatesVirginia 
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuador  
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Adventive
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Libya
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Latvia
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France (incl. Corsica)
Naturalized

  • REGION:
Africa
  • MACARONESIA: Portugal [Madeira Islands]
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa [Eastern Cape, Western Cape]
Australasia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Italy (incl. Sicily)
Northern America
  • NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
  • SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia]
Southern America
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador
Economic Uses
Animal food
Environmental
ornamental (fide Hortus 3, as B. vulgaris Cicla Group) –
Food additives
coloring (fide Ency CNatIn) –
Fuels
potential as petroleum substitute/alcohol (fide http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2004/biofuels2004.pdf,) –
Human food
sugar (fide CultTropS) –
Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2, as B. vulgaris; Herbs Commerce ed2, as B. vulgaris subsp. cicla) –
Vertebrate poisons
mammals (fide Kingsbury; Cooper & Johnson ed2) –
Weed
(fide Bot J Linn Soc 130:85-87. 1999) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.