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Taxon:  Trifolium pratense L.



Summary
Genus:
Trifolium
Subgenus:
Trifolium
Section:
Trifolium
Family:
Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae)
Subfamily:
Faboideae
Tribe:
Trifolieae
Nomen number:
300623
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:768. 1753
Verified:
03/23/2007 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Trifolium pratense L. var. americanum Harz (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium pratense L. var. perenne Host (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium pratense L. var. pratense (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum Schreb. (0 active accession[s])
Trifolium pratense L. var. villosum DC. (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource). Note: http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/cultural/Trifolium_pratense_K/
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  3. Converse, R. H., ed. Virus diseases of small fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook 631. 1987
  4. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998 Note: poisonous
  5. Cronquist, A. et al. Intermountain flora. 1972-
  6. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
  7. Demilly, D. et al. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7. 2001 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
  8. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  9. Duke, J. A. Handbook of legumes of world economic importance. 1981
  10. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  11. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Trifolium+pratense&quantity=1
  12. Gillett, J. M. & N. L. Taylor (M. Collins ed.). The world of clovers. 2001 326.
  13. Graham, E. H. Legumes for erosion control and wildlife. USDA Misc. Publ. 412. 1941
  14. Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001 http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
  15. Huang, S. F. & T. C. Huang. Taxonomic treatment of the Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) of Taiwan. Taiwania 32:11-117. 1987
  16. Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
  17. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
  18. International Seed Testing Association. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2. 1982
  19. Kellerman, T. S. et al. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. 1988 Note: poisonous
  20. Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
  21. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  22. Kouam&eaccute; C. N. et al. 1997. Response to root-knot nematodes of a germplasm collection of red clover and related species. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 44:439-445. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10722
  23. Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996
  24. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
  25. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
  26. Meikle, R. D. Flora of Cyprus. 1977-1985
  27. Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:132.
  28. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
  29. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
  30. Pignatti, S. Flora d'Italia. 1982
  31. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  32. Pottier-Alapetite, G. Flore de la Tunisie: Angiospermes-Dicotyledones. 1979-1981
  33. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie. 1962-1963
  34. Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
  35. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  36. Smythies, B. E. Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands: checklist of vascular plants. Englera 3:1-882. 1984-1986
  37. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. Flora of Iraq. 1966-
  38. Walker, E. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands. 1976
  39. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
  40. Zohary, M. & D. Heller. 1984. The genus Trifolium. 1984 357.
  41. Federal Seed Act and Regulations, Agricultural and Vegetable Kind Lists, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Seed Regulatory and Testing Branch. 1998 http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateI&navID=Publications&rightNav1=Publications&topNav=&leftNav=FairTradingRegulations&page=SeedTestingPublications&resultType=&acct=lsgeninfo
Common names
English
Chilean clover –
cowgrass clover –
mammoth red clover –
medium red clover –
peavine clover –
purple clover –
red clover –
French
trèfle des prés –
trèfle rouge –
trèfle violet –
German
Rotklee –
Italian
trifoglio pratense –
trifoglio violetta –
Japanese Rōmaji
aka-tsumekusa –
murasaki-tsumekusa –
Portuguese
trevo-dos-prados –
trevo-violeta –
Spanish
trébol común –
trébol rojo –
trébol violeta –
Swedish
rödklöver –
Transcribed Chinese
hong che zhou cao –
Transcribed Korean
bulgeuntokkipul –
Transliterated Russian
klever krasnyj –
Distribution
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria (n.), Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia (s.)]
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India (n.w.), Pakistan (n.)
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Romania
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized (widely natzd. in temperate regions)
Economic Uses
Animal food
Bee plants
honey production (fide Dict Gard) –
Environmental
soil improver (fide Dict Gard) –
Food additives
flavoring (fide Ency CNatIn) –
Harmful organism host
crop diseases (fide Virus Diseases 35. 1987) –
Medicines
folklore (fide Ency CNatIn; CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) –
Vertebrate poisons
mammals (fide Kingsbury; Kellerman et al.; Cooper & Johnson ed2) –


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