Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. GRIN-Global

Taxon: Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Summary

Genus:

Phragmites

Family:

Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)

Tribe:

Arundineae

Nomen number:

28091

Place of publication:

Nomencl. bot. ed. 2, 1:143. 1840; 2:324. 1841

Verified:

08/18/2006 ARS Systematic Botanists.

Accessions:

0 (0 active, 0 available) in National Plant Germplasm System.

Other conspecific taxa

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. subsp. altissimus (Benth.) Clayton (0 active accession[s])
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. subsp. americanus Saltonstall (0 active accession[s])
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. subsp. australis (0 active accession[s])

Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations

Heterotypic Synonym(s)

Arundo phragmites L.
Arundo vulgaris Lam.
Phragmites communis Trin.
Phragmites communis Trin. var. longivalvis (Steud.) Miq.
Phragmites longivalvis Steud.
Phragmites vulgaris (Lam.) Crep.
Phragmites vulgaris (Lam.) Crep. var. longivalvis (Steud.) W. Wight

No images

Reference(s)

Adams, C. Flowering plants of Jamaica. 1972
Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. Flora of Libya. 1976-
Arechavaleta, M. et al., eds. Lista preliminar de especies silvestres de Cabo Verde: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2005 http://www.azoresbioportal.angra.uac.pt/files/noticias_Check_List_Cabo_Verde.pdf
Boulos, L. & M. N. El-Hadidi. The weeds of Egypt. 1984
Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt checklist. 1995
Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt. 1999-
Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. 1993
Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
Correll, D. S. & H. B. Correll. Flora of the Bahama archipelago. 1982
Davidse, G. et al., eds. Flora mesoamericana. 1994
Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
Englert, J. M. et al. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators. 1999-
Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
Exell, A. W. et al., eds. Flora zambesiaca. 1960- http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
Fedorov, A. A., ed. Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Engl. transl.). 1999-
FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993- http://floranorthamerica.org/
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Phragmites+australis&quantity=1
Görts-van Rijn, A. R. A., ed. Flora of the Guianas. 1986-
George, A. S., ed. Flora of Australia. 1980-
Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58. 1990
Giraldo-Cañas, D. 2011. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49:139-247.
Hansen, A. & P. Sunding. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 4. Sommerfeltia vol. 17. 1993
Herrera-Arrieta, Y. Las Gramíneus de Durango. 2001
Howard, R. Flora of the lesser Antilles. 1974-1989
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. 2008 http://www2.darwin.edu.ar/Proyectos/FloraArgentina/FA.asp
Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2004 http://www.gobcan.es/cmayot/interreg/atlantico/documentos/LESDCanarias.pdf
Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75. 1999
Kartesz, J. T. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 1994
Kharkevich, S. S., ed. Vascular plants of the Russian Far East. 1985 Note: also cited as "Vascular plants of the Soviet Far East", and "Sosud. Rast. Sovet. Dal'nego Vostoka"
Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. Flora of Siberia (English translation). 2000-
Liogier, H. A. & L. F. Martorell. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis, ed. 2. 2000
Mal, T. K. & L. Narine. 2004. The biology of Canadian weeds. 129. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 84:365-396.
McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
Meikle, R. D. Flora of Cyprus. 1977-1985
Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:117.
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
Norton, J. et al. Illustrated checklist of the flora of Qatar. 2009 http://www.unesco.org/new/uploads/media/Plant_Species_Checklist_of_Qatar.pdf
Ostendorp, W. 1996. Estimation of mechanical resistance of lakeside Phragmites stands. Aquatic Bot. 51:87-101.
Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
Renvoize, S. A. Gramineas de Bolivia. 1998
Saltonstall, K. et al. 2004. Recognition of Phragmites australis subsp. americanus (Poaceae: Arundinoideae) in North America: evidence from morphological and genetic analyses. Sida 21:683-692. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8113#/summary
Saltonstall, K. 2011. Remnant native Phragmites australis maintains genetic diversity despite multiple threats. Conservation Genet. 12:1027-1033. http://www.springerlink.com/content/105709/
Sell, P. & G. Murrell. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. 1996-
Steyermark, J. A. et al., eds. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. 1995- Note: Missouri Botanical Garden & Timber Press
Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. Flora of Iraq. 1966-
Tzvelev, N. N. Zlaki SSSR. 1976
Ugarte, E. et al. 2011. Vascular alien flora, Chile. Check List 7:365-380. http://www.checklist.org.br/
USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource). Note: http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatics/commonreed.shtml
Valdés, B. et al., eds. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du nord du Maroc, incluant des clés d'identification. 2002
Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
Wood, J. R. I. A handbook of the flora of Yemen. 1997
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. Flora palaestina. 1966-
Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74. 1996, 1999
Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:537.
Plants of southern Africa: an online checklist. http://posa.sanbi.org/searchspp.php
Webster's third new international dictionary. 1961

Common names

English
common reed –
ditch reed –
giant reed –
phragmites –
reed grass –
Arabic
bous –
ghab –
qassab –
French
phragmite commun –
roseau commun –
German
Schilf –
Schilfrohr –
Portuguese
caniço –
Spanish
carrizo común –
Transcribed Korean
galdae –

Distribution

order_code	Status	Continent	Subcontinent	Country	State	Note
1	Native	Africa	East Tropical Africa	Kenya
1	Native	Africa	Macaronesia	Cabo Verde
1	Native	Africa	Macaronesia	Portugal	Madeira Islands
1	Native	Africa	Macaronesia	Spain	Canary Islands
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Chad
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Eritrea
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Ethiopia
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Somalia
1	Native	Africa	Northeast Tropical Africa	Sudan
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Algeria
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Egypt
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Libya
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Morocco
1	Native	Africa	Northern Africa	Tunisia
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Mozambique
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zambia
1	Native	Africa	South Tropical Africa	Zimbabwe
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	Botswana
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	Eswatini
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	Lesotho
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	Namibia
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	Cape Province
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	Free State
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	KwaZulu-Natal
1	Native	Africa	Southern Africa	South Africa	Transvaal
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Gambia
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Niger
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Nigeria
1	Native	Africa	West Tropical Africa	Senegal
1	Native	Africa	West-Central Tropical Africa	Cameroon		n.
1	Native	Africa	Western Indian Ocean	Madagascar
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Bahrain
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Kuwait
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Arabian Peninsula	Yemen
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Armenia
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Azerbaijan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	Checheno-Ingushetia
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	Dagestan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	Kabardino-Balkaria
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	Karachay-Cherkessia
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	Krasnodar
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	North Ossetia
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Caucasus	Russian Federation	Stavropol
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	China	China
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Japan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Eastern Asia	Korea
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kazakhstan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Kyrgyzstan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Tajikistan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Turkmenistan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Middle Asia	Uzbekistan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Mongolia	Mongolia
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Amur
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Kamchatka
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Khabarovsk
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Primorye
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Russian Far East	Russian Federation	Sakhalin
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Altay
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Buryatia
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Chita
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Gorno-Altay
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Irkutsk
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Kemerovo
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Krasnoyarsk
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Kurgan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Novosibirsk
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Omsk
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Tomsk
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Tuva
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Tyumen
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Siberia	Russian Federation	Yakutia-Sakha
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	******
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Afghanistan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Cyprus
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iran
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Iraq
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Jordan
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Lebanon
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Syria
1	Native	Asia-Temperate	Western Asia	Turkey
1	Native	Asia-Tropical	Indian Subcontinent	Pakistan
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	New South Wales
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Northern Territory
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Queensland
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	South Australia
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Tasmania
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Victoria
1	Native	Australasia	Australia	Australia	Western Australia	s.
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Belarus
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Estonia
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Latvia
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Lithuania
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Moldova
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Russian Federation	Rostov
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Russian Federation	Volgograd
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Russian Federation-European part	European part
1	Native	Europe	East Europe	Ukraine		incl. Krym
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Austria
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Belgium
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Czech Republic
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Germany
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Hungary
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Netherlands
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Poland
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Slovakia
1	Native	Europe	Middle Europe	Switzerland
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Denmark
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Finland
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Ireland
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Norway
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	Sweden
1	Native	Europe	Northern Europe	United Kingdom
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Albania
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bosnia and Herzegovina
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Bulgaria
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Croatia
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Greece		incl. Crete
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Italy		incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Montenegro
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	North Macedonia
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Romania
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Serbia
1	Native	Europe	Southeastern Europe	Slovenia
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	France		incl. Corsica
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Portugal
1	Native	Europe	Southwestern Europe	Spain		incl. Baleares
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	New Brunswick
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Newfoundland
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Nova Scotia
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Ontario
1	Native	Northern America	Eastern Canada	Canada	Quebec
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Illinois
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Iowa
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Kansas
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Minnesota
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Missouri
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Nebraska
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	North Dakota
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Oklahoma
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	South Dakota
1	Native	Northern America	North-Central U.S.A.	United States	Wisconsin
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Connecticut
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Indiana
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maine
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Massachusetts
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Michigan
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Hampshire
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New Jersey
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	New York
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Ohio
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Pennsylvania
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Rhode Island
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	Vermont
1	Native	Northern America	Northeastern U.S.A.	United States	West Virginia
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Baja Norte
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Baja Sur
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Chihuahua
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Coahuila
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Durango
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Nuevo Leon
1	Native	Northern America	Northern Mexico	Mexico	Tamaulipas
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Colorado
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Idaho
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Oregon
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Washington
1	Native	Northern America	Northwestern U.S.A.	United States	Wyoming
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	New Mexico
1	Native	Northern America	South-Central U.S.A.	United States	Texas
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Alabama
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Arkansas	n.
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Delaware
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Florida
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Kentucky
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Louisiana
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Maryland
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	Mississippi
1	Native	Northern America	Southeastern U.S.A.	United States	North Carolina
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Campeche
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Chiapas
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Colima
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Guanajuato
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Jalisco
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Michoacan
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Morelos
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Nayarit
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Puebla
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Quintana Roo
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Tabasco
1	Native	Northern America	Southern Mexico	Mexico	Yucatan
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Arizona
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	California
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Nevada
1	Native	Northern America	Southwestern U.S.A.	United States	Utah
1	Native	Northern America	Subarctic America	Canada	Northwest Territory	s.w.
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Alberta
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	British Columbia
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Manitoba
1	Native	Northern America	Western Canada	Canada	Saskatchewan
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Bahamas
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Dominican Republic
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Guadeloupe
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Haiti
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Jamaica
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Martinique
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	Puerto Rico
1	Native	Southern America	Caribbean	St. Lucia
1	Native	Southern America	Mesoamerica	Belize
1	Native	Southern America	Mesoamerica	Costa Rica
1	Native	Southern America	Mesoamerica	El Salvador
1	Native	Southern America	Mesoamerica	Guatemala
1	Native	Southern America	Mesoamerica	Honduras
1	Native	Southern America	Mesoamerica	Nicaragua
1	Native	Southern America	Mesoamerica	Panama
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	French Guiana
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Guyana
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Suriname
1	Native	Southern America	Northern South America	Venezuela
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Argentina
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Chile
1	Native	Southern America	Southern South America	Uruguay
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Bolivia
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Colombia
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Ecuador
1	Native	Southern America	Western South America	Peru
4	Naturalized	Australasia	New Zealand	New Zealand
4	Naturalized	Northern America		United States		of European populations
6	Other					exact native range obscure

Native
Africa

EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya
MACARONESIA: Cabo Verde, Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Chad
NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA: Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Eswatini, South Africa [Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Transvaal]
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Gambia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA: Cameroon (n.)
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar

Asia-Temperate

ARABIAN PENINSULA: Bahrain, Kuwait, Yemen
CAUCASUS: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russian Federation [Checheno-Ingushetia, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Krasnodar, Stavropol]
CHINA: China
EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan
MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
MONGOLIA: Mongolia
RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation [Khabarovsk, Primorye, Amur, Kamchatka, Sakhalin]
SIBERIA: Russian Federation [Buryatia, Gorno-Altay, Tuva, Yakutia-Sakha, Altay, Krasnoyarsk, Chita, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Kurgan, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Tyumen]
WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey

Asia-Tropical

INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan

Australasia

AUSTRALIA: Australia [Tasmania, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia (s.), Northern Territory]

Europe

EAST EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Russian Federation [Rostov, Volgograd], Ukraine (incl. Krym)
MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece (incl. Crete), Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal

Northern America

EASTERN CANADA: Canada [New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec]
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
NORTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, Baja Norte, Baja Sur]
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [New Mexico, Texas]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Alabama, Arkansas (n.), Delaware, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina]
SOUTHERN MEXICO: Mexico [Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Yucatan]
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah]
SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada [Northwest Territory (s.w.)]
WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan]

Southern America

CARIBBEAN: Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica, St. Lucia, Martinique, Puerto Rico
MESOAMERICA: Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile, Uruguay
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Naturalized
Australasia

NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand

Northern America

REGION: United States (of European populations)

Other (exact native range obscure)

Economic Uses

Environmental
Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) –
Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Weed CIBA; Invasive Pl Spec) –

Banque Nationale de Gènes

Taxon: Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.