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National Genebank of Tunisia
Version: 2.0.3.3
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Taxon:
Pennisetum purpureum
Schumach.
Nomenclature
Common Names
Distribution
Economic Uses
Summary
Genus:
Pennisetum
Family:
Poaceae
(alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Panicoideae
Tribe:
Paniceae
Nomen number:
27208
Place of publication:
Beskr. Guin. pl. 44. 1827
Comment:
authorship verified from original literature, where the name and diagnosis together (Melbourne ICN Art. 46, Ex. 9, 12, & 22) and the description are all ascribed to Schumacher
Verified:
01/17/2012
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0
(
0
active,
0
available)
in National Plant Germplasm System.
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Homotypic Synonym(s)
Cenchrus purpureus
(Schumach.) Morrone
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Pennisetum benthamii
Steud.
No images
Reference(s)
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong.
Flora of the West Indies (on-line resource).
Note:
=
Cenchrus purpureus
Adams, C.
Flowering plants of Jamaica. 1972
Allan, H. H. B. et al.
Flora of New Zealand. 1961-
http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/index.aspx
Burkill, H. M.
The useful plants of west tropical Africa. 1985-2004
Catasús Guerra, L. J.
2002. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, II. Cavanillesia Altera 3:1-163.
Chemisquy, M. A. et al.
2010. Phylogenetic studies favour the unification of
Pennisetum
,
Cenchrus
and
Odontelytrum
(Poaceae): a combined nuclear, plastid and morphological analysis, and nomenclatural combinations in
Cenchrus
. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 106:129.
Note:
=
Cenchrus purpureus
(Schumach.) Morrone
CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland.
Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988)
Note:
four books on weeds worldwide in scope
Davidse, G. et al., eds.
Flora mesoamericana. 1994
Erhardt, W. et al.
Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. 2008
Euro+Med Editorial Committee.
Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
Exell, A. W. et al., eds.
Flora zambesiaca. 1960-
http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
FNA Editorial Committee.
Flora of North America. 1993-
http://floranorthamerica.org/
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource).
Note:
http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Pennisetum+purpureum&quantity=1
Forzza, R. C. et al., coord.
Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/
Funk, V. et al.
Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 55:1-584. 2007
Görts-van Rijn, A. R. A., ed.
Flora of the Guianas. 1986-
George, A. S., ed.
Flora of Australia. 1980-
Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds.
Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. 2003
Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al.
Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58. 1990
Giraldo-Cañas, D.
2011. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en Colombia. Darwiniana 49:139-247.
Note:
=
Cenchrus purpureus
Grierson, A. J. C. & D. J. Long.
Flora of Bhutan including a record of plants from Sikkim. 1984-
Groth, D.
2005. pers. comm.
Note:
re. Brazilian common names
Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards.
Flora of Ethiopia. 1989- (and Eritrea. 2000)
Henderson, L.
Alien weeds and invasive plants: a complete guide to declared weeds and invaders in South Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute, Handbook 12. 2001
Hitchcock, A. S.
Manual of the grasses of the United States, ed. 2. 1950
Hokche, O. et al.
Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular de Venezola. 2008
Holm, L. et al.
A geographical atlas of world weeds. 1979
Howard, R.
Flora of the lesser Antilles. 1974-1989
Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry.
Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html
Instituto de Botánica Darwinion.
Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. 2008
Note:
=
Cenchrus purpureus
Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS).
Australian plant common name database (on-line resource).
http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
Kartesz, J. T.
A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 1994
Keay, R. W. J. & F. N. Hepper.
Flora of west tropical Africa, ed. 2. 1953-1972
Lazarides, M.
The tropical grasses of Southeast Asia. 1980
Liogier, H. A. & L. F. Martorell.
Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis, ed. 2. 2000
Lowe, A. J. et al.
2003. Characterisation of germplasm accessions of Napier grass (
Pennisetum purpureum
and
P. purpureum
×
P. glaucum
Hybrids) and comparison with farm clones using RAPD. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 50:121-132.
http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10722
Markle, G. M. et al., eds.
Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
Mejía-Saulés, M. T. & P. Dávila A.
Gramíneas Útiles de México. Cuad. Inst. Biol. 16. 1992
Porcher, M. H. et al.
Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
Randall, R. P.
The introduced flora of Australia and its weed status. 2007
http://www.weeds.org.au/docs/intro_flora_australia.pdf
Rao, S. A. & J. M. J. de Wet.
1999. Chapter 2. Taxonomy and evolution. Pearl millet breeding. 1999 31-47.
Note:
Science Publishers.
Rehm, S.
Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
Shukla, U.
Grasses of north-eastern India. 1996
Sreekumar, P. V. & V. J. Nair.
Flora of Kerala - grasses. 1991
't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds.
1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 4:191.
http://proseanet.org
Tovar, Ó.
1993. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) del Perú. Ruizia 13:408.
Turrill, W. B. et al., eds.
Flora of tropical East Africa. 1952-
Vibrans, H., ed.
Malezas de México (on-line resource).
Note:
http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/poaceae/pennisetum-purpureum/fichas/pagina1.htm
Villaseñor, J. L. & F. J. Espinoza-Garcia.
2004. The alien flowering plants of Mexico. Diversity & Distrib. 10:113-123.
Weber, E.
Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
Westphal, E. & P. C. M. Jansen, eds.
1989. A selection. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- A:220.
http://proseanet.org
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds.
Flora of China (English edition). 1994-
http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
Zon, A. P. M. van der.
Graminées du Cameroun. 1992
Zuloaga, F. O. et al.
2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:533.
Zuloaga, F. O. et al.
Catalogo de la familia Poaceae en la Republica Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47. 1994
Webster's third new international dictionary. 1961
Common names
English
barner grass –
Reference(s)
elephant grass –
Reference(s)
Merker grass –
Reference(s)
Napier grass –
Reference(s)
Afrikaans
olifantsgras –
Reference(s)
French
napier –
Reference(s)
German
Elefantengras –
Reference(s)
Portuguese
capim-elefante –
Reference(s)
Portuguese (Brazil)
capim-napiê –
Reference(s)
capim-napier-elefante –
Reference(s)
Spanish
hierba elefante –
Reference(s)
pasto elefante –
Reference(s)
Distribution
Exportable format
order_code
Status
Continent
Subcontinent
Country
State
Note
1
Native
Africa
East Tropical Africa
Kenya
1
Native
Africa
East Tropical Africa
Tanzania
1
Native
Africa
East Tropical Africa
Uganda
1
Native
Africa
Northeast Tropical Africa
Ethiopia
s.
1
Native
Africa
South Tropical Africa
Angola
1
Native
Africa
South Tropical Africa
Malawi
1
Native
Africa
South Tropical Africa
Mozambique
1
Native
Africa
South Tropical Africa
Zambia
1
Native
Africa
South Tropical Africa
Zimbabwe
1
Native
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Côte D'Ivoire
1
Native
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Ghana
1
Native
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Guinea
1
Native
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Liberia
1
Native
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Nigeria
1
Native
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Sierra Leone
1
Native
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Togo
1
Native
Africa
West-Central Tropical Africa
Cameroon
2
Cultivated
Africa
Africa
3
Adventive
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
******
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Madeira Islands
4
Naturalized
Africa
Macaronesia
Spain
Canary Islands
4
Naturalized
Africa
Northern Africa
Morocco
4
Naturalized
Africa
Southern Africa
Eswatini
4
Naturalized
Africa
Southern Africa
South Africa
4
Naturalized
Africa
Western Indian Ocean
Reunion
4
Naturalized
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Cyprus
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Bhutan
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
India
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Indo-China
Cambodia
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Indo-China
Laos
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Indo-China
Myanmar
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Indo-China
Thailand
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Indo-China
Vietnam
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Malesia
Indonesia
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Malesia
Malaysia
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Malesia
Papua New Guinea
4
Naturalized
Asia-Tropical
Malesia
Philippines
4
Naturalized
Australasia
Australia
Australia
New South Wales
e.
4
Naturalized
Australasia
Australia
Australia
Northern Territory
n.
4
Naturalized
Australasia
Australia
Australia
Queensland
e.
4
Naturalized
Australasia
Australia
Australia
Western Australia
s.w.
4
Naturalized
Australasia
New Zealand
New Zealand
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Northern Mexico
Mexico
Nuevo Leon
4
Naturalized
Northern America
South-Central U.S.A.
United States
Texas
s.
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Southeastern U.S.A.
United States
Florida
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Campeche
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Chiapas
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Oaxaca
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Tabasco
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Veracruz
4
Naturalized
Northern America
Southern Mexico
Mexico
Yucatan
4
Naturalized
Pacific
North-Central Pacific
United States
Hawaii
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Northwestern Pacific
Guam
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Northwestern Pacific
Micronesia
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Northwestern Pacific
Northern Mariana Islands
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Northwestern Pacific
Palau
4
Naturalized
Pacific
South-Central Pacific
Cook Islands
4
Naturalized
Pacific
South-Central Pacific
French Polynesia
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
Fiji
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
New Caledonia
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
Niue
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
Solomon Islands
4
Naturalized
Pacific
Southwestern Pacific
Wallis and Futuna Islands
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Brazil
Brazil
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
Cuba
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
Grenada
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
Jamaica
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
Puerto Rico
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Caribbean
St. Lucia
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Belize
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Costa Rica
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Mesoamerica
El Salvador
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Guatemala
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Honduras
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Nicaragua
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Panama
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Northern South America
French Guiana
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Northern South America
Guyana
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Northern South America
Suriname
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Northern South America
Venezuela
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Southern South America
Argentina
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Southern South America
Paraguay
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Southern South America
Uruguay
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Western South America
Bolivia
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Western South America
Colombia
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Western South America
Ecuador
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Western South America
Ecuador
Galapagos Islands
4
Naturalized
Southern America
Western South America
Peru
Native
Africa
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Kenya
,
Tanzania
,
Uganda
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Ethiopia
(s.)
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA:
Angola
,
Mozambique
,
Malawi
,
Zambia
,
Zimbabwe
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Côte D'Ivoire
,
Ghana
,
Guinea
,
Liberia
,
Nigeria
,
Sierra Leone
,
Togo
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA:
Cameroon
Cultivated
Africa
REGION:
Africa
Adventive
Asia-Temperate
WESTERN ASIA:
******
Naturalized
Africa
MACARONESIA:
Spain
[Canary Islands],
Portugal
[Madeira Islands]
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Morocco
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
Eswatini
,
South Africa
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN:
Reunion
Asia-Temperate
WESTERN ASIA:
Cyprus
Asia-Tropical
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Bhutan
,
India
INDO-CHINA:
Cambodia
,
Laos
,
Myanmar
,
Thailand
,
Vietnam
MALESIA:
Indonesia
,
Malaysia
,
Philippines
,
Papua New Guinea
Australasia
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
[New South Wales (e.), Northern Territory (n.), Queensland (e.), Western Australia (s.w.)]
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Northern America
NORTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico
[Nuevo Leon]
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States
[Texas (s.)]
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States
[Florida]
SOUTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico
[Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan]
Pacific
NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
United States
[Hawaii]
NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Micronesia
,
Guam
,
Northern Mariana Islands
,
Palau
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
Cook Islands
,
French Polynesia
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Fiji
,
New Caledonia
,
Niue
,
Solomon Islands
,
Wallis and Futuna Islands
Southern America
BRAZIL:
Brazil
CARIBBEAN:
Antigua and Barbuda
,
Cuba
,
Grenada
,
Jamaica
,
St. Lucia
,
Puerto Rico
MESOAMERICA:
Belize
,
Costa Rica
,
Guatemala
,
Honduras
,
Nicaragua
,
Panama
,
El Salvador
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
French Guiana
,
Guyana
,
Suriname
,
Venezuela
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina
,
Paraguay
,
Uruguay
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Bolivia
,
Colombia
,
Ecuador
[Galapagos Islands],
Peru
Economic Uses
Animal food
Environmental
erosion control (fide Grass US) –
Reference(s)
Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Weed CIBA; Invasive Pl Spec) –
Reference(s)
Name
References
Economic Uses