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Taxon:  Mandragora officinarum L.



Summary
Genus:
Mandragora
Family:
Solanaceae
Subfamily:
Solanoideae
Nomen number:
23342
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:181. 1753
Verified:
05/11/2005 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Mandragora autumnalis Bertol.
Mandragora vernalis Bertol.
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  2. Cordell, G. A. 1995. Natural products as medicinal and biological agents. Chemistry of the Amazon: biodiversity, natural products, and environmental issues. 1995 8-18.
  3. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  4. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  5. Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
  6. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  7. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
  8. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  9. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  10. Ungricht, S. et al. 1998. A revision of the genus Mandragora (Solanaceae). Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London, Bot. 28(1):30-33.
  11. Uphof, J. C. T. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2. 1968 Note: = M. autumnalis
Common names
English
autumn mandrake –
mandrake –
Mediterranean mandrake –
French
mandragore –
German
Alraunwurzel –
Portuguese
mandrágora –
Spanish
mandrágora –
Swedish
alruna –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern Asia******  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey s.w.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeFormer Yugoslavia w.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. Crete
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia, Sicily
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  
2Cultivated    also cult.
4Naturalized    natzd. elsewhere
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey (s.w.)
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Former Yugoslavia (w.), Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily)
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, Portugal
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized (natzd. elsewhere)
Economic Uses
Environmental
Medicines
source of scopolamine (fide Chem Amazon 8-18. 1995; CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.