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Taxon:  Actaea rubra (Aiton) Willd.



Summary
Genus:
Actaea
Section:
Actaea
Family:
Ranunculaceae
Subfamily:
Ranunculoideae
Tribe:
Actaeeae
Nomen number:
1383
Place of publication:
Enum. pl. 1:561. 1809
Verified:
12/05/1995 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Actaea spicata L. var. rubra Aiton

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Actaea arguta Nutt.
Actaea neglecta Gillman
Actaea rubra (Aiton) Willd. f. neglecta (Gillman) B. L. Rob.
Actaea spicata L. var. erythrocarpa Fisch.
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  2. Compton, J. A. et al. 1998. Reclassification of Actaea to include Cimicifuga and Souliea (Ranunculaceae): phylogeny inferred from morphology, nrDNA ITS, and cpDNA trnL-F sequence variation. Taxon 47:615. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax
  3. Deam, C. C. Flora of Indiana. 1940
  4. Eilers, L. J. & D. M. Roosa. The vascular plants of Iowa. 1994
  5. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  6. FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993- http://floranorthamerica.org/
  7. Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 1963
  8. Hickman, J. C., ed. The Jepson manual: higher plants of California. 1993
  9. Hitchcock, C. L. et al. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. 1955-1969
  10. Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
  11. Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
  12. Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants. 1985 Note: poisonous
  13. McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). Flora of the Great Plains. 1986
  14. Ownbey, G. B. & T. Morley. Vascular plants of Minnesota: a checklist and atlas. 1991
  15. Scoggan, H. J. The flora of Canada, 4 vol. 1978-1979
  16. Seymour, F. The flora of New England. 1969
  17. Voss, E. Michigan flora. 1972-
  18. Walters, S. M. et al., eds. European garden flora. 1986-
  19. Welsh, S. L. et al. A Utah flora. 1993
Common names
English
red baneberry –
snakeberry –
French
actée rouge –
Swedish
amerikansk trolldruva –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHebei 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHeilongjiang 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaJilin 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaLiaoning 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaNei Monggol 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaShanxi 
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapanHokkaido 
1NativeAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapanHonshu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateRussian Far EastRussian Federation-Far EastFar East 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Eastern SiberiaEastern Siberia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Western SiberiaWestern Siberia 
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean partn.
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeFinland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden  
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaNew Brunswick 
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaNewfoundland 
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaNova Scotia 
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaOntario 
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaPrince Edward Island 
1NativeNorthern AmericaEastern CanadaCanadaQuebec 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesIllinoisn.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesIowa 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesMinnesota 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNebraskae. & n.w.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNorth Dakota 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesSouth Dakotas.e. & w.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorth-Central U.S.A.United StatesWisconsin 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesConnecticut 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesIndianan.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMaine 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMassachusetts 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesMichigan 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew Hampshire 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew Jerseyn.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesNew York 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesOhion.
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesPennsylvania 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesRhode Island 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNortheastern U.S.A.United StatesVermont 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesColorado 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesIdaho 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesMontana 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesOregon 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesWashington 
1NativeNorthern AmericaNorthwestern U.S.A.United StatesWyoming 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSouth-Central U.S.A.United StatesNew Mexico 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSouthwestern U.S.A.United StatesArizona 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSouthwestern U.S.A.United StatesCalifornia 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSouthwestern U.S.A.United StatesNevada 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSouthwestern U.S.A.United StatesUtah 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaCanadaNorthwest Territory 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaCanadaYukon Territory 
1NativeNorthern AmericaSubarctic AmericaUnited StatesAlaska 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaAlberta 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaBritish Columbia 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaManitoba 
1NativeNorthern AmericaWestern CanadaCanadaSaskatchewan 
2Cultivated    also cult.
Native
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China [Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Monggol, Shanxi]
  • EASTERN ASIA: Japan [Hokkaido, Honshu]
  • RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation-Far East [Far East]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part (n.)]
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Finland, Norway, Sweden
Northern America
  • EASTERN CANADA: Canada [Quebec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Newfoundland]
  • NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [Illinois (n.), Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska (e. & n.w.), North Dakota, South Dakota (s.e. & w.), Wisconsin]
  • NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.: United States [Connecticut, Indiana (n.), Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey (n.), New York, Ohio (n.), Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont]
  • NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.: United States [New Mexico]
  • SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.: United States [Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah]
  • SUBARCTIC AMERICA: Canada [Northwest Territory, Yukon Territory], United States [Alaska]
  • WESTERN CANADA: Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
Cultivated (also cult.)
Economic Uses
Environmental
Medicines
folklore (fide F NAmer) –
Vertebrate poisons
mammals (fide Kingsbury; Lampe & McCann) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.