Taxon:
Conium maculatum L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:243. 1753
Verified:
05/20/1992
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
- based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
- http://www.skud.info
- Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. 1993
- Brouillet, L., F. et al., compilers. Database of vascular plants of Canada (VASCAN) (on-line resource). 2010 http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search/
- Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
- Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998 Note: poisonous
- Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. 1970
- Cufodontis, G. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta. 1953-1972
- Davidse, G. et al., eds. Flora mesoamericana. 1994
- Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
- Demilly, D. et al. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7. 2001 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
- Der Marderosian, A. & L. Liberti. Natural product medicine: a scientific guide to foods, drugs, cosmetics. 1988
- Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
- Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
- Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
- Exell, A. W. et al., eds. Flora zambesiaca. 1960- http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Conium+maculatum&quantity=1
- Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. 2003
- Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2. 1991
- Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
- Harling, G. & B. Sparre, eds. Flora of Ecuador. 1973-
- Hnatiuk, R. J. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11. 1990
- Holm, L. et al. World weeds: natural histories and distribution. 1997 225. Note: John Wiley & Sons, New York
- Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. 2008 http://www2.darwin.edu.ar/Proyectos/FloraArgentina/FA.asp
- Jahandiez, E. & R. Maire. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc. 1931-1941
- Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
- Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants. 1985 Note: poisonous
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
- Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance. 1944. Umbelliferae. North American flora ser. 1, 1905-1957; ser. 2, 1954-1972 28B:137
- McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). Flora of the Great Plains. 1986
- Meikle, R. D. Flora of Cyprus. 1977-1985
- Mouterde, P. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. 1966-
- Mukherjee, P. K. & L. Constance. Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) of India. 1993
- Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
- Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
- Pammel, L. H. Manual of poisonous plants. 1911 Note: poisonous
- Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. Noxious weeds of Australia. 1992 Note: Inkata Press, Melbourne
- Pottier-Alapetite, G. Flore de la Tunisie: Angiospermes-Dicotyledones. 1979-1981
- Quézel, P. & S. Santa. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie. 1962-1963
- Radford, A. E. et al. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. 1964
- Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
- Seed Regulatory and Testing Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act (updated annually). http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELPRDC5090172
- Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. Flora of Guatemala. 1946-1976
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
- Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). Note: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/apiaceae/conium-maculatum/fichas/pagina1.htm
- Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
- Welsh, S. L. et al. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Mem. 9. 1987
- Whitson, T. D. et al., eds. Weeds of the West, ed. 5. 1999
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
- Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. Flora palaestina. 1966-
Common names
English
carrot-fern – fool's-parsley – hemlock – poison-hemlock – spotted-hemlock – spotted-parsley – French
grande ciguë – French (Canada)
cigüe maculée – Portuguese (Brazil)
cicuta – funcho-selvagem – Spanish
encaje cimarrón – panalillo – zanahoria silvestre – Spanish (Guatemala)
perejil de chucho – perejil de monte – Swedish
odört –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Ethiopia | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Algeria | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Tunisia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Azerbaijan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Georgia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation | Dagestan | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kazakhstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kyrgyzstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Tajikistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Turkmenistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Uzbekistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Western Siberia | Western Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | ****** | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Afghanistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iran | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iraq | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Jordan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Lebanon | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Syria | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | Jammu and Kashmir | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | | n. |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Belarus | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Estonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Latvia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Lithuania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Moldova | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Ukraine | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Czech Republic | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Slovakia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Denmark | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Finland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Ireland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Norway | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bosnia and Herzegovina | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Montenegro | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | North Macedonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Romania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Serbia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Slovenia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | also cult. |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Mozambique | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zimbabwe | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | Western Cape | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Xinjiang | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | New Zealand | New Zealand | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | | Mexico | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | | United States | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | New Brunswick | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Nova Scotia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Ontario | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Quebec | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Alberta | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | British Columbia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Saskatchewan | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | Micronesia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Brazil | Brazil | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Costa Rica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Guatemala | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Honduras | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Argentina | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Chile | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Uruguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Bolivia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Ecuador | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Peru | | |
Native
Africa
-
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Ethiopia
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
-
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
-
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia]
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
India [Jammu and Kashmir], Pakistan (n.)
Europe
-
EAST EUROPE:
Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France, Portugal
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
-
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA:
Mozambique, Zimbabwe
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
South Africa [Western Cape]
Asia-Temperate
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Northern America
-
REGION:
Mexico, United States
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec]
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan]
Pacific
-
NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Micronesia
Southern America
-
BRAZIL:
Brazil
-
MESOAMERICA:
Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina, Chile, Uruguay
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
Economic Uses
Environmental
Harmful organism host
crop diseases (fide WorldWeeds 225. 1997) – Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2) – Vertebrate poisons
mammals (to humans and livestock fide Kingsbury; Lampe & McCann; Pammel; Der Marderosian; Cooper & Johnson ed2) – Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Econ Pl Aust; Invasive Pl Spec) –