NGBT Logo Ministère de L'Environnement
Banque Nationale de Gènes

Welcome!
Welcome to the GR Database of The National Genebank of Tunisia.


Taxon:  Brassica rapa L.



Summary
Genus:
Brassica
Family:
Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)
Tribe:
Brassiceae
Nomen number:
7685
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:666. 1753
Comment:
includes miscellaneous groups not included elsewhere (in subspecies)
Verified:
06/02/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
13 (13  active, 2  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt var. parachinensis (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt var. purpuraria (L. H. Bailey) Kitam. (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. dichotoma (Roxb.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. japonica Shebalina (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. narinosa (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica (L. H. Bailey) Hanelt var. perviridis L. H. Bailey (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. (1 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. f. annua (Metzg.) Thell. (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg. f. biennis (Metzg.) Thell. (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa (14 active accession[s])
Brassica rapa L. subsp. trilocularis (Roxb.) Hanelt (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98. 2012
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  3. Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. Flora of Libya. 1976-
  4. Allan, H. H. B. et al. Flora of New Zealand. 1961- http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/index.aspx
  5. Anderson, J. K. & S. I. Warwick. 1999. Chromosome number evolution in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae): evidence from isozyme number. Pl. Syst. Evol. 215:255-285. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/606
  6. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource). http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/BSBI/taxonsearch.php
  7. Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt. 1999-
  8. Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. 1993
  9. Chen, B.-Y. & W. K. Heneen. 1989. Resynthesized Brassica napus L.: A review of its potential in breeding and genetic analysis. Hereditas (Beijing) 111:255-263.
  10. Chen, H.-F. et al. 2007. Production and genetic analysis of partial hybrids in intertribal crosses between Brassica species (B. rapa, B. napus) and Capsella bursa-pastoris. Pl. Cell Rep. 26:1791-1800.
  11. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
  12. Chrungu, B. et al. 1999. Production and characterization of interspecific hybrids between Brassica maurorum and crop brassicas. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98:608-613. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  13. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. Documenta CIBA-GEIGY (Grass weeds 1. 1980, 2. 1981; Monocot weeds 3. 1982; Dicot weeds 1. 1988) Note: four books on weeds worldwide in scope
  14. Committee on Stabilization. 1975. Report of the standing committee on stabilization of specific names. Taxon 24:172. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax
  15. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants in Britain and their effects on animals and man. 1984 Note: poisonous
  16. Cufodontis, G. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta. 1953-1972
  17. Demilly, D. et al. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7. 2001 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
  18. Denford, K. E. 1976. Isoenzyme studies in members of the genus Brassica. Bot. Not. 128:455-462.
  19. Erhardt, W. et al. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. 2008
  20. Erickson, L. R. et al. 1983. Restriction patterns reveal origins of chloroplast genomes in Brassica amphiploids. Theor. Appl. Genet. 65:201-206. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  21. Exell, A. W. et al., eds. Flora zambesiaca. 1960- http://www.kew.org/efloras/namesearch.do
  22. Fennane, M. et al., eds. Flore pratique du Maroc. 1999-
  23. FitzJohn, R. G. et al. 2007. Hybridisation within Brassica and allied genera: evaluation of potential for transgene escape. Euphytica 158:209-230.
  24. FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993- http://floranorthamerica.org/
  25. Forzza, R. C. et al., coord. Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil (on-line resource). http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010/
  26. Garg, H. et al. 2007. Hybridizing Brassica rapa with wild crucifers Diplotaxis erucoides and Brassica maurorum. Euphytica 156:417-424.
  27. Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. 2003
  28. Greuter, W. et al., eds. Med-Checklist. 1984- Note: citing B. rapa subsp. campestris
  29. Guo, Y. et al. 2014. Center of origin and centers of diversity in an ancient crop, Brassica rapa (turnip rape). J. Heredity 105:555-565.
  30. Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001 http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
  31. Hara, H. et al. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal. 1978-1982
  32. Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. Flora of Ethiopia. 1989- (and Eritrea. 2000)
  33. Hegi, G. et al. 1986. Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa. ed. 1:1906-1931; ed. 2:1936-68; ed. 3:1966- 4(1):454.
  34. Iniguez-Luy, F. L. et al. 2009. Development of public immortal mapping populations, molecular markers and linkage maps for rapid cycling Brassica rapa and B. oleracea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 120:31-43. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  35. Inomata, N. 1993. Crossability and cytology of hybrid progenies in the cross between Brassica campestris and three wild relatives of B. oleracea, B. bourgeaui, B. cretica and B. montana. Euphytica 69:7-17.
  36. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource). http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html
  37. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. 2008 http://www2.darwin.edu.ar/Proyectos/FloraArgentina/FA.asp
  38. Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75. 1999
  39. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. Atlas florae europaeae. 1972-
  40. Jiang, Y. et al. 2007. Genetic diversity of Brassica carinata with emphasis on the interspecific crossability with B. rapa. Pl. Breed. (New York) 126:487-491.
  41. Kellerman, T. S. et al. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. 1988 Note: poisonous
  42. Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
  43. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  44. Kunakh, V. A. et al. 2008. Mixoploidy in wild and cultivated species of Cruciferae capable of hybridizing with rapeseed Brassica napus. Cytol. & Genet. 42:204-209. Note: Translation of: Tsitologiya i genetika. Kiev
  45. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993
  46. Lefol, E. et al. 1997. Sexual hybridisation in crosses of cultivated Brassica species with the crucifers Erucastrum gallicum and Raphanus raphanistrum: potential for gene introgression. Euphytica 95:127-139.
  47. Li, M. et al. 2006. Intersubgenomic heterosis in rapeseed production with a partial new-typed Brassica napus containing subgenome Ar from B. rapa and Cc from Brassica carinata. Crop Sci. (Madison) 46:234-242.
  48. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  49. Mansfeld, R. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2. 1959
  50. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
  51. Mouterde, P. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. 1966-
  52. Nagpal, R. et al. 2008. Molecular systematics of Brassica and allied genera in subtribes Brassicinae, Raphaninae, Moricandiinae, and Cakilinae (Brassicaceae, tribe Brassiceae); the organization and evolution of ribosomal gene families. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 157:545-557.
  53. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
  54. Olsson, G. 1954. Crosses within the campestris group of the genus Brassica. Hereditas (Beijing) 40:414. Note: = B. campestris subsp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.
  55. Plieske, J. & D. Struss. 2001. STS markers linked to Phoma resistance genes of the Brassica B-genome revealed sequence homology between Brassica nigra and Brassica napus. Theor. Appl. Genet. 102:483-488. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  56. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  57. Pradhan, A. K. et al. 1992. Phylogeny of Brassica and allied genera based on variation in chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA patterns: molecular and taxonomic classifications are incongruous. Theor. Appl. Genet. 85:331-340. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  58. Rana, D. et al. 2004. Conservation of the microstructure of genome segments in Brassica napus and its diploid relatives. Plant J. 40:725-733. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291365-313X
  59. Rao, G. U. et al. 1996. Production of hybrids, amphiploids and backcross progenies between cold-tolerant wild species, Erucastrum abyssinicum and crop brassicas. Theor. Appl. Genet. 92:786-790. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  60. Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
  61. Rygulla, W. et al. 2007. Broadening the genetic basis of Verticillium longisporum resistance in Brassica napus by interspecific hybridization. Phytopathology 97:1391-1396.
  62. Scheffler, J. A. & P. J. Dale. 1994. Opportunities for gene transfer from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to related species. Transgenic Res. 3:263-278.
  63. Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. Flora of India. 1993-
  64. Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 8:121. http://proseanet.org
  65. Snowdon, R. et al. 2007. Chapter 7. Brassica oilseeds. Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement. 2005- 196-230. Note: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton - London - New York
  66. Song, K. et al. 1988. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 1. Genome evolution of diploid and amphidiploid species. Theor. Appl. Genet. 75:784-794. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  67. Song, K. et al. 1988. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 2. Preliminary analysis of subspecies within B. rapa (syn. campestris) and B. oleracea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 76:593-600. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  68. Song, K. et al. 1990. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 3. Genome relationships in Brassica and related genera and the origin of B. oleracea and B. rapa (syn. campestris). Theor. Appl. Genet. 79:497-506. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  69. Song, K. et al. 1995. Rapid genome change in synthetic polyploids of Brassica and its implications for polyploid evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92:7719-7723.
  70. Stevens, W. D. et al., eds. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(1-3). 2001
  71. Steward, A. N. Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze valley. 1958
  72. Takuno, S. et al. 2010. Assessment of genetic diversity of accessions in Brassicaceae genetic resources by frequency distribution analysis of S haplotypes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 120:1129-1138. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  73. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. Flora of tropical East Africa. 1952-
  74. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  75. Velasco, L. et al. 1998. Variability for the fatty acid composition of the seed oil in a germplasm collection of the genus Brassica. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 45:371-382. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/10722
  76. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). Note: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/brassicaceae/brassica-rapa/fichas/pagina1.htm
  77. Walker, E. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands. 1976
  78. Warwick, S. I. & C. A. Sauder. 2005. Phylogeny of tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast restriction site polymorphisms and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL intron sequences. Canad. J. Bot. 83:467-483.
  79. Warwick, S. I. & L. D. Black. 1991. Molecular systematics of Brassica and allied genera (Subtribe Brassicinae, Brassiceae) - chloroplast genome and cytodeme congruence. Theor. Appl. Genet. 82:81-92. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  80. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259:249-258. Note: lists in database
  81. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2008. AFLP-based molecular characterization of Brassica rapa and diversity in Canadian spring turnip rape cultivars. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 6:11-21. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=PGR#
  82. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2009. PART III. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization data. Guide to wild germplasm of Brassica and allied crops (Tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae), ed. 3 (on-line resource). 1-91. http://www.brassica.info/info/publications/guide-wild-germplasm.php
  83. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
  84. Yang, Y.-W. et al. 2002. A study of the phylogeny of Brassica rapa, B. nigra, Raphanus sativus, and their related genera using noncoding regions of chloroplast DNA. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 23:268-275. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10557903
  85. Yao, X.-C. et al. 2010. Intra- and intergenomic relationships in interspecific hybrids between Brassica (B. rapa, B. napus) and a wild species B. maurorum as revealed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Euphytica 173:113-120.
  86. Zhao, J. et al. 2005. Genetic relationships within Brassica rapa as inferred from AFLP fingerprints. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:1301-1314. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  87. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). http://www.prota4u.info/
Common names
English
colbaga –
turnip –
tyfon –
French
navet –
navette –
Swedish
rova –
Transcribed Chinese
man jing –
Distribution
Cultivated (widely cult.)
Adventive
Africa
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea, Ethiopia
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique, Zimbabwe
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Pakistan
Southern America
  • BRAZIL: Brazil
  • CARIBBEAN: Barbados, Guadeloupe, Martinique
Naturalized
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
  • MONGOLIA: Mongolia
  • RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation-Far East [Far East]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (s.)
Northern America
  • REGION: Canada, Mexico, United States
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: United States [Hawaii]
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: New Caledonia
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: Hispaniola
  • MESOAMERICA: Nicaragua
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay [Alto Paraguay], Uruguay
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
Other (widespread weed, probable origin Eurasia)
Economic Uses
Human food
Vertebrate poisons
mammals (fide Kellerman et al.; Cooper & Johnson) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.