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Taxon:  Brassica insularis Moris



Summary
Genus:
Brassica
Family:
Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)
Tribe:
Brassiceae
Nomen number:
7650
Place of publication:
Fl. sardoa 1:168, t. 11. 1837
Verified:
04/04/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
2 (2  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Brassica atlantica (Coss.) O. E. Schulz

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica insularis Moris var. angustiloba (Briq.) O. E. Schulz
Brassica insularis Moris var. aquellae Widler & Bocquet
Brassica oleracea L. subsp. insularis (Moris) Rouy & Foucaud

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica cretica Lam. subsp. atlantica (Coss.) Onno
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Allender, C. J. et al. 2007. Simple sequence repeats reveal uneven distribution of genetic diversity in chloroplast genomes of Brassica oleracea L. and (n=9) wild relatives. Theor. Appl. Genet. 114:609-618. Note: this study used six chloroplast microsatellite markers to assess inter- and intraspecific diversity within the C-genome carriers, and to examine the use of these markers for diversity and phylogeographic studies; it evaluated a total of 171 accessions representing B. oleracea (80) and 10 wild species; B. insularis a C-genome carrier was represented by 4 accessions, two of which were recognized as B. atlantica; B. insularis was found to possess three unique haplotypes (C:13, C:14 & C:17), these findings do not support conclusions based on chloroplast types linking B. insularis with B. macrocarpa and B. oleracea, although the haplotype C:17 appears to be related to a haplotype in B. macrocarpa; it concluded supporting the use of SSRs for establishing genetic diversity, but not for being used in phylogenetic analysis
  2. Anderson, J. K. & S. I. Warwick. 1999. Chromosome number evolution in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae): evidence from isozyme number. Pl. Syst. Evol. 215:255-285. Note: this study examined 108 species in 35 genera to investigate chromosome number evolution in tribe Brassiceae and to test three hypotheses, two of which were that genera with n=7-13 display the expected number of isozymes for diploid taxa, and taxa with n=14-18 display more isozymes than the expected number; this study examined six plants of one accession of B. insularis; isozyme duplications were detected for loci Fbp-2, Pgm-2 and Tp1, the duplication in the last two loci is a pattern also found in most Brassicaceae taxa, while duplication in Fbp-2 was also found in B. cretica, B. macrocarpa and in one accesion of each, B. rapa and B. villosa, and it supported previous analysis (Warwick & Black, 1997. Can J Bot 75:960-973) for the affinities of B. insularis to B. cretica; this study also found no support for the hypothesis that genera n=14-18 are recent, derived polyploids from n=7-13
  3. Bothmer, R. von et al. 1995. Brassica sect. Brassica (Brassicaceae). II. Inter- and intraspecific crosses with cultivars of B. oleracea. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 42:165-178. Note: this study reports crosses between wild species and cultivated forms of the B. oleracea complex; it included four accessions of B. insularis with a mean value of pollen fertilty of 98%; for B. insularis F1 hybrids with cultivated B. oleracea var. capitata resulted in some individuals with 2n=27 and 2n=19 with 20-40% and 80-85% fertility respectively; this F1 fertility reduction was found in general for all combinations of wild species with cultivated B. oleracea; meiotic behavior of F1 hybrids between this species and B. oleracea was almost normal, with an average of 8.73 bivalents; this study found that for 10 combinations of F2 crosses involving this species with wild species and cultivated forms resulted in 664 seeds with 91.2% of germination, the second highest involving crosses with B. oleracea;it concluded that data obtained in this study does not provide definitive views on the relationships within the B. oleracea complex
  4. Delourme, R. et al. 2006. Major gene and polygenic resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Eur. J. Pl. Pathol. 114:41-52. Note: cites
  5. FitzJohn, R. G. et al. 2007. Hybridisation within Brassica and allied genera: evaluation of potential for transgene escape. Euphytica 158:209-230. Note: this review compiled information both on experimental and spontaneous crosses between crops and wild relatives; it reported successful hybridization studies only with B. oleracea
  6. Greuter, W. et al., eds. Med-Checklist. 1984-
  7. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. Atlas florae europaeae. 1972-
  8. Lázaro, A. & I. Aguinagalde. 1998. Genetic diversity in Brassica oleracea L. (Cruciferae) and wild relatives (2n=18) using isozymes. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 82:821-828. http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year
  9. Lázaro, A. & I. Aguinagalde. 1998. Genetic diversity in Brassica oleracea L. (Cruciferae) and wild relatives (2n=18) using RAPD markers. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 82:829-833. http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year
  10. Lowman, A. C. & M. D. Purugganan. 1999. Duplication of the Brassica oleracea APETALA1 floral homeotic gene and the evolution of domesticated cauliflower. J. Heredity 90:514-520.
  11. Mei, J. et al. 2010. Genomic relationships between wild and cultivated Brassica oleracea L. with emphasis on the origination of cultivated crops. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-009-9504-5 Note: this study examined 39 accessions representing 18 taxa belonging to the B. oleracea complex, and following the concept of cytodeme; this study used SSR and AFLP markers to analyze the genetic structure; B. insularis was represented by three accessions, all of which clustered together sister to B. macrocarpa within a clade including other Sicilian taxa B. rupestris and B. villosa
  12. Mithen, R. F. & B. G. Lewis. 1988. Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in hybrids of Brassica oleracea and Brassica insularis. J. Phytopathol. 123:253-258. Note: this study reports crosses between B. insularis and B. oleracea var. alboglabra that resulted in hybrids with resistance to phoma stem canker caused by Leptosphaeria with two dominant resistance genes
  13. Nieuwhof, M. 1969. Cole crops. 14.
  14. Snogerup, S. et al. 1990. Brassica sect. Brassica (Brassicaceae) I. Taxonomy and variation. Willdenowia 19:304. http://www.bgbm.org/bgbmpress/willdenowia.htm
  15. Snogerup, S. 1980. Chapter 7. The wild forms of the Brassica oleracea group (2n=18) and their possible relations to the cultivated ones. Brassica crop and wild allies, biology and breeding. 1980 121-132. Note: Japan Science Press, Tokyo.
  16. Snowdon, R. et al. 2007. Chapter 7. Brassica oilseeds. Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement. 2005- 196-230. Note: cites this taxon as part of the secondary gene pool of Brassica oilseed crops
  17. Song, K. et al. 1990. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 3. Genome relationships in Brassica and related genera and the origin of B. oleracea and B. rapa (syn. campestris). Theor. Appl. Genet. 79:497-506. Note: this study examined 38 accessions to test phylogenetic affinities between B. oleracea and wild related n=9 brassicas, and to understand genome evolution of diploid species in Brassica and related genera; B. insularis was represented by one accession (3814 that probably corresponds to 3814-75 that was available at the USDA as G 30230); it used 39 enzymes that resulted in 439 restriction fragments, 77% of them were phylogenetically informative, and were used to generate a phylogenetic tree that resolved four main clades; B. insularis was resolved in a clade including all wild n=9, and at the base of a subclade including B. incana, B. drepanensis and B. rupestris, all members of the B. rupestris-B. incana complex proposed by Snogerup (1980, Brassica Crop Wild); this study proposed that different groups of species with chromosome numbers n=7 composed the most ancient groups from which different groups of species evolved with ascending chromosome numbers, and proposing two lineages, one for B. nigra, B. fruticulosa, Sinapis arvensis and another for B. oleracea, B. rapa and Diplotaxis erucoides
  18. Tatout, C. et al. 1999. SINE insertions as clade markers for wild crucifer species. Molec. Biol. Evol. 16:1614-1621. Note: this study examined the variation of 21 S1 insertions at independent genomic sites among wild members of the Brassica oleracea complex to test its use to clarify phylogenetic affinities; B. insularis was represented by four accessions, one of which (BCN 3021 an accession that was avialble at USDA as G 30181) was used to identify genomic sites; it found that some S1 elements are fixed in given populations while others are not in wild Brassica species, and commenting against the use of only one individual plant for detecting S1 insertions, since the individual could be either homozygous, or heterozygous or empty for the allele; the phylogenetic tree derived from S1 insertional variability was partially concordant with chloroplast restriction site derived classification, but not with other classifications; their data did not support the affinity of B. insularis to B. cretica; additionally one accession of B. insularis (GCC 1953-71 also at USDA as G 30263) did not cluster sister to B. incana, suggesting that this accession should be considered a B. incana population with introgressed genetic material
  19. Tsunoda, S. et al. 1980. Brassica crop and wild allies, biology and breeding. 1980 124-125. Note: Japan Science Press, Tokyo.
  20. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  21. Warwick, S. I. & C. A. Sauder. 2005. Phylogeny of tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast restriction site polymorphisms and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL intron sequences. Canad. J. Bot. 83:467-483.
  22. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259:249-258. Note: lists in database
  23. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2009. PART III. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization data. Guide to wild germplasm of Brassica and allied crops (Tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae), ed. 3 (on-line resource). 1-91. http://www.brassica.info/info/publications/guide-wild-germplasm.php
  24. Widler, B. E. & G. Bocquet. 1979. Brassica insularis Moris: Beispiel eines messinischen Verbreitungsmusters (Brassica insularis Moris: example of a messinian pattern of distribution). Candollea 34:133-151.
Common names
Distribution
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria (n.e.), Tunisia
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Italy [Sardinia]
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France [Corsica]
Economic Uses


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

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