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Taxon:  Quercus ilex L.



Summary
Genus:
Quercus
Family:
Fagaceae
Subfamily:
Fagoideae
Nomen number:
30693
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:995. 1753
Verified:
02/13/1995 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
7 (7  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Quercus ilex (7 active accession[s])
Quercus ilex L. subsp. ilex (0 active accession[s])
Quercus ilex L. subsp. rotundifolia (Lam.) Tab. Morais (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  2. Boutelje, J. B. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature. 1980
  3. Czerepanov, S. K. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). 1995 Note: cultivated
  4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Quercus+ilex&quantity=1
  5. Fouché, J.-G. 1999. pers. comm. Note: re. French common names
  6. Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. World checklist and bibliography of Fagales. 1998 http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do
  7. Greuter, W. et al., eds. Med-Checklist. 1984-
  8. Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
  9. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. Atlas florae europaeae. 1972-
  10. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  11. Krüssmann, G. Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs (English translation of Handbuch der Laubgehölze. 1976). 1984
  12. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  13. Ortega-Sada, J. L. Flora de interes apicola y polinizacion de cultivos. 1987
  14. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  15. Rosengarten, F. The book of edible nuts. 1984
  16. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea, second edition. 1993
Common names
English
evergreen oak –
holly oak –
holm oak –
French
chêne vert –
Japanese Rōmaji
seiyō-hiiragi-gashi –
Spanish
encina –
Swedish
stenek –
Distribution
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • WESTERN ASIA: Turkey
Europe
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece (incl. Crete), Croatia, Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Malta, Montenegro, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated (also cult.)
Naturalized (natzd. elsewhere)
Economic Uses
Environmental
Human food
nut (fide Edible Nuts; Krussmann) –
Materials
wood (timber fide Ency WTimber) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.