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Taxon:  Pinus sylvestris L.



Summary
Genus:
Pinus
Subgenus:
Pinus
Section:
Pinus
Subsection:
Pinus
Family:
Pinaceae
Nomen number:
28552
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:1000. 1753
Verified:
05/16/2008 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Pinus sylvestris L. var. hamata Steven (0 active accession[s])
Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litv. (0 active accession[s])
Pinus sylvestris L. var. sylvestriformis (Taken.) W. C. Cheng & C. D. Chu (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold f. pygmaea (Carriere) Rehder
Pinus sylvestris L. f. nana (Carriere) Lipa
Pinus sylvestris L. var. rigensis Loudon
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource). Note: http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/related/Pinus_sylvestris/
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  3. Boutelje, J. B. Encyclopedia of world timbers, names and technical literature. 1980 Note: = P. silvestris
  4. Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols. 1986-1987
  5. Dirr, M. A. Manual of woody landscape plants: their identification, ornamental characteristics, culture, propagation and uses, ed. 5. 1998 744. Note: re. chritsmas tree
  6. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  7. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage. 1993
  8. Erhardt, W. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 17. Auflage. 2002
  9. Farjon, A. Pines, drawings and descriptions of the genus Pinus. 1984
  10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Pinus+sylvestris&quantity=1
  11. Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
  12. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. Atlas florae europaeae. 1972-
  13. Kartesz, J. T. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 1994
  14. Kitagawa, M. Neo-lineamenta florae Manshuricae. 1979
  15. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964 Note: "silvestris"
  16. Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. Flora of Siberia (English translation). 2000-
  17. Lee, Y. N. Flora of Korea. 1997
  18. Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996 419.
  19. Little, E. L., Jr. Checklist of United States trees, Agric. Handb. 541. 1979
  20. Mabberley, D. J. The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants, ed. 2. 1997
  21. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
  22. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  23. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  24. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
Common names
English
Scotch pine –
Scots pine –
French
pin sylvestre –
German
Föhre –
gemeine Kiefer –
Waldkiefer –
Italian
pino silvestre –
Spanish
pino sylvestris –
Swedish
tall –
Transcribed Chinese
ou zhou chi song –
Transcribed Korean
gujusonamu –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationChecheno-Ingushetia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationDagestan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationKabardino-Balkaria 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationNorth Ossetia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHeilongjiang 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaJilin 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaNei Monggoln.
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKazakhstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMongoliaMongolia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateRussian Far EastRussian FederationAmur 
1NativeAsia-TemperateRussian Far EastRussian FederationKhabarovsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateRussian Far EastRussian FederationMagadan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateRussian Far EastRussian FederationPrimorye 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationAltay 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationBuryatia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationChita 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationGorno-Altay 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationIrkutsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKemerovo 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKhanty-Mansi 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKrasnoyarsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationKurgan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationNovosibirsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationOmsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationTomsk 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationTuva 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationTyumen 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationYakutia-Sakha 
1NativeAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian FederationYamal Nenets 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeBelarus  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeEstonia  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeLatvia  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeLithuania  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean part 
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary w.
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSlovakia  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeFinland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited KingdomScotland 
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBosnia and Herzegovina  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly n.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeMontenegro  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeNorth Macedonia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  
2Cultivated    also cult.
Native
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Armenia, Georgia, Russian Federation [Checheno-Ingushetia, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia]
  • CHINA: China [Heilongjiang, Jilin, Nei Monggol (n.)]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan
  • MONGOLIA: Mongolia
  • RUSSIAN FAR EAST: Russian Federation [Khabarovsk, Primorye, Amur, Magadan]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation [Altay, Buryatia, Chita, Gorno-Altay, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Khanty-Mansi, Krasnoyarsk, Kurgan, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Tuva, Tyumen, Yakutia-Sakha, Yamal Nenets]
  • WESTERN ASIA: Turkey
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary (w.), Poland, Slovakia
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Finland, United Kingdom [Scotland], Norway, Sweden
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy (n.), North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France
Cultivated (also cult.)
Economic Uses
Environmental
Food additives
flavoring (fide Ency CNatIn) –
Materials
gum/resin (fide Pl Book) –
Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) –
Social
religious/secular (used as a Christmas tree fide Man Woody Landsc Pl) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.