Taxon:
Phytolacca americana L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:441. 1753
Verified:
03/12/2004
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
- based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
- http://www.skud.info
- Cannon, J. & M. Cannon. Dye plants and dyeing. The Herbert Press & The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1994
- Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998 Note: poisonous
- Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
- Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
- Facciola, S. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants. 1990 Note: Kampong Publications
- Feuillet, C. 1998. pers. comm. Note: re. French common names
- FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993- http://floranorthamerica.org/
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Phytolacca+americana&quantity=1
- Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2. 1991
- Kartesz, J. T. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 1994 Note: with two varieties
- Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
- Lampe, K. F. & M. A. McCann. AMA handbook of poisonous and injurious plants. 1985 Note: poisonous
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
- McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). Flora of the Great Plains. 1986
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
- Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource). http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/poison?p_x=px
- Padua, L. S. de et al., eds. 1999. Medicinal and poisonous plants 1. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 12(1):396. http://proseanet.org
- Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
- Scoggan, H. J. The flora of Canada, 4 vol. 1978-1979
- Seymour, F. The flora of New England. 1969
- Wetter, M. A. et al. WISFLORA: Wisconsin vascular plant species (on-line resource). http://www.botany.wisc.edu/wisflora/
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
- Webster's third new international dictionary. 1961
Common names
English
pigeonberry – poke – pokeberry – pokeroot – pokeweed – Virginia poke – French
raisin d'Amérique – teinturière – German
Kermesbeere – Spanish
fitolaca – hierba carmín – Swedish
amerikanskt kermesbär – Transcribed Chinese
chui xu shang lu –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Ontario | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Quebec | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Illinois | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Iowa | s.w. |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Kansas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Minnesota | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Missouri | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Nebraska | e. |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Oklahoma | |
1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Wisconsin | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Connecticut | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Indiana | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maine | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Massachusetts | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Michigan | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Hampshire | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Jersey | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New York | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Ohio | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Pennsylvania | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Rhode Island | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Vermont | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | West Virginia | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Oregon | |
1 | Native | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | New Mexico | |
1 | Native | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Alabama | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Arkansas | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Delaware | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | District of Columbia | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Kentucky | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maryland | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Mississippi | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | North Carolina | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | South Carolina | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Tennessee | http://tenn.bio.utk.edu/vascular/database/vascular-database.asp?CategoryID=Dicots&FamilyID=Phytolaccaceae&GenusID=Phytolacca&SpeciesID=americana |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Virginia | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Arizona | |
1 | Native | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | California | |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | also cult. |
Native
Northern America
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [Ontario, Quebec]
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Illinois, Iowa (s.w.), Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska (e.), Oklahoma, Wisconsin]
-
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
-
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Oregon]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [New Mexico, Texas]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee (http://tenn.bio.utk.edu/vascular/database/vascular-database.asp?CategoryID=Dicots&FamilyID=Phytolaccaceae&GenusID=Phytolacca&SpeciesID=americana), Virginia, District of Columbia]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Arizona, California]
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Economic Uses
Environmental
Human food
vegetable (fide Food Feed Crops US; Cornucopia; F NAmer) – Medicines
folklore (fide Pl Res SEAs 12(1):396. 1999; CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2; F ChinaEng; F NAmer) – Vertebrate poisons
mammals (fide Kingsbury; Cooper & Johnson ed2; Lampe & McCann; F NAmer) –