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Taxon:  Fraxinus excelsior L.



Summary
Genus:
Fraxinus
Section:
Fraxinus
Family:
Oleaceae
Tribe:
Oleeae
Nomen number:
282
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:1057. 1753
Verified:
03/23/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
1 (1  active, 1  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Fraxinus excelsior L. f. aurea (Pers.) Schelle
Fraxinus excelsior L. f. aureopendula Rehder
Fraxinus excelsior L. f. diversifolia (Aiton) Lingelsh.
Fraxinus excelsior L. f. pendula (Aiton) Schelle
Fraxinus excelsior L. var. aurea Pers.
Fraxinus excelsior L. var. diversifolia Aiton
Fraxinus excelsior L. var. pendula Aiton
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Afonin, A. N., S. L. Greene, N. I. Dzyubenko, & A. N. Frolov, eds. Interactive agricultural ecological atlas of Russia and neighboring countries. Economic plants and their diseases, pests and weeds (on-line resource). Note: http://www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/related/Fraxinus_excelsior/
  2. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  3. Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998
  4. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  5. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage. 1993
  6. Erhardt, W. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 16. Auflage. 2000
  7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Fraxinus+excelsior&quantity=1
  8. Greuter, W. et al., eds. Med-Checklist. 1984-
  9. Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001 http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
  10. Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
  11. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
  12. Kartesz, J. T. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 1994
  13. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  14. Laasimer, L. et al., eds. Flora of the Baltic countries; compendium of vascular plants. 1993-
  15. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
  16. Mouterde, P. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. 1966-
  17. Press, J. R. & M. J. Short, eds. Flora of Madeira. 1994
  18. Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
  19. Stace, C. New flora of the British Isles. 1995
  20. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  21. Wallander, E. 2008. Systematics of Fraxinus (Oleaceae) and evolution of dioecy. Pl. Syst. Evol. 273:28. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/606
  22. Walters, S. M. et al., eds. European garden flora. 1986-
Common names
English
ash –
black ash –
European ash –
French
frêne commun –
German
gewöhnliche Esche –
Swedish
ask –
Transliterated Russian
jasen vysokij –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeEstonia  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeLatvia  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeLithuania  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeMoldova  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean part 
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeCzechoslovakia  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropePoland  
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeIreland  
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  
2Cultivated    also cult.
Native
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
  • WESTERN ASIA: Iran, Syria
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part], Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Ireland, Norway
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Italy, Romania
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France
Cultivated (also cult.)
Economic Uses
Environmental
Materials
wood (fide F USSR) –
Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) –
Vertebrate poisons
mammals (fide Cooper & Johnson ed2) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.