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Taxon:  Peganum harmala L.



Summary
Genus:
Peganum
Family:
Nitrariaceae
Nomen number:
27098
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 1:444. 1753
Verified:
05/20/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
43 (43  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Peganum harmala (43 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  2. Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. Flora of Libya. 1976-
  3. Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt. 1999-
  4. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
  5. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  6. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  7. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Peganum+harmala&quantity=1
  9. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
  10. Kingsbury, J. M. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964 Note: poisonous
  11. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  12. Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993
  13. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
  14. Middleditch, B. S. & A. M. Amer. Kuwaiti plants: distribution, traditional medicine, phytochemistry,... economic value (Studies in Plant Science 2). 1991
  15. Migahid, A. M. Flora of Saudi Arabia, ed. 3. 1988-1990
  16. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
  17. Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. Noxious weeds of Australia. 1992 Note: Inkata Press, Melbourne
  18. Quézel, P. & S. Santa. Nouvelle flore de l'Algerie. 1962-1963
  19. Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
  20. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  21. Rollins, R. C. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 1986. Weeds of south-west Asia in North America with special reference to the Cruciferae. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 89B:298.
  22. Seed Regulatory and Testing Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act (updated annually). http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELPRDC5090172
  23. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. Flora of Iraq. 1966-
  24. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  25. Watson, J. F. Index to the native and scientific names of Indian and other eastern economic plants and products. 1868
  26. Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. Flora palaestina. 1966-
Common names
English
African-rue –
Syrian-rue –
wild rue –
French
rue sauvage –
German
Harmalkraute –
Steppenraute –
India
harmel –
Spanish
alharma –
gamarza –
Swedish
harmelbuske –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAfricaWest Tropical AfricaMauritania  
1NativeAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaKuwait  
1NativeAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaSaudi Arabia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusGeorgia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationDagestan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaXinjiang 
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKazakhstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaKyrgyzstan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTajikistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTurkmenistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaUzbekistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMongoliaMongolia w.
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern Asia******  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaEgyptSinai 
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeMoldova  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean parts.
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeUkraine incl. Krym
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly incl. Sardinia
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  
4Naturalized    natzd. elsewhere
Native
Africa
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Mauritania
Asia-Temperate
  • ARABIAN PENINSULA: Kuwait, Saudi Arabia
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
  • CHINA: China [Xinjiang]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
  • MONGOLIA: Mongolia (w.)
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Egypt [Sinai], Iran, Iraq, ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part (s.)], Moldova, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Greece, Italy (incl. Sardinia), Romania, Serbia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain
Naturalized (natzd. elsewhere)
Economic Uses
Materials
Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) –
Vertebrate poisons
mammals (fide Kingsbury; F USSR) –
Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Econ Pl Aust; F USSR) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.