Taxon:
Marrubium vulgare L.
Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:583. 1753
Verified:
05/11/1992
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
- based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
- http://www.skud.info
- Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt. 1999-
- Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
- Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
- Dyer, R. A. et al., eds. Flora of southern Africa. 1963-
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Marrubium+vulgare&quantity=1
- Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. 2003
- Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2. 1991
- Greuter, W. et al., eds. Med-Checklist. 1984-
- Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001 http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
- Hara, H. et al. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal. 1978-1982
- Hnatiuk, R. J. Census of Australian vascular plants. Australian Flora and Fauna Series No. 11. 1990
- Holm, L. et al. A geographical atlas of world weeds. 1979
- Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
- Izquierdo Z., I. et al., eds. Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias: hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2004 http://www.gobcan.es/cmayot/interreg/atlantico/documentos/LESDCanarias.pdf
- Kartesz, J. T. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 1994
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993
- Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996
- Magness, J. R. et al. Food and feed crops of the United States. IR Bull. 1. 1971
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
- Migahid, A. M. Flora of Saudi Arabia, ed. 3. 1988-1990
- Mouterde, P. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. 1966-
- Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
- Parsons, W. T. & E. G. Cuthbertson. Noxious weeds of Australia. 1992 Note: Inkata Press, Melbourne
- Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963-
- Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
- Silva, L. et al. Listagem da fauna e flora terrestres dos Açores. Lista des plantas vasculares (Pteridophyta e Spermatophyta). 2005 http://www.azores.gov.pt/NR/rdonlyres/3E255F0D-6AFD-4EF8-974D-CF920B5F933E/126780/42_Pteridophyta_Spermatophyta1.pdf
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
- University of Texas Herbarium. The mints of Texas (on-line resource). 2000- http://www.lib.utexas.edu/Libs/LSL/Mints/
- Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). Note: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/lamiaceae/marrubium-vulgare/fichas/pagina1.htm
- Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
- Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan. Flora palaestina. 1966-
Common names
English
horehound – white horehound – Arabic
roubiya – zekom – French
marrube blanc – marrube vulgaire – German
Andorn – Portuguese
marroio – Spanish
marrubio común – Swedish
kransborre – Transcribed Chinese
ou xia zhi cao – Transliterated Russian
šandra obyknovennaja –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Madeira Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Spain | Canary Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Algeria | | n. |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Libya | | n. |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Tunisia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Azerbaijan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Xinjiang | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kazakhstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Turkmenistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Uzbekistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | ****** | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Afghanistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Cyprus | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iran | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Jordan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Lebanon | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Syria | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | | n. |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Belarus | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Estonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Latvia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Lithuania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Russian Federation-European part | European part | s.w. |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Ukraine | | incl. Krym |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Czechoslovakia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Denmark | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | s. |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | England | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Former Yugoslavia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | incl. Crete |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | incl. Sardinia, Sicily |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Romania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | incl. Corsica |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | incl. Baleares |
2 | Cultivated | | | | | also cult. |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Cabo Verde | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Azores | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Lesotho | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | Eastern Cape | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | New Zealand | New Zealand | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | | United States | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | North-Central Pacific | United States | Hawaii | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | | South America | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Central America | | |
Native
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria (n.), Libya (n.), Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan
-
CHINA:
China [Xinjiang]
-
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Pakistan (n.)
Europe
-
EAST EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part (s.w.)], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine (incl. Krym)
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, United Kingdom [England], Sweden (s.)
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Former Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy (incl. Sardinia, Sicily), Romania
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain (incl. Baleares), France (incl. Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated
(also cult.)
Naturalized
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Cabo Verde, Portugal [Azores]
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
Lesotho, South Africa [Eastern Cape]
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Northern America
Pacific
-
NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
United States [Hawaii]
Southern America
-
REGION:
South America
-
MESOAMERICA:
Central America
Economic Uses
Bee plants
Environmental
ornamental (fide Dict Gard; Invasive Pl Spec) – Food additives
flavoring (for liqueurs fide Crops US; F ChinaEng; Invasive Pl Spec) – Medicines
folklore (fide Ency CNatIn; CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) – Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Econ Pl Aust; Invasive Pl Spec) –