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Taxon:  Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.



Summary
Genus:
Echinochloa
Family:
Poaceae (alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Panicoideae
Tribe:
Paniceae
Nomen number:
14823
Place of publication:
Ess. Agrostogr. 53, 161, 169. 1812 "crus galli"
Verified:
03/05/1992 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Panicum crus-galli L.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. subsp. spiralis (Vasinger) Tzvelev
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. var. edulis Hitchc.
Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. var. mitis (Pursh) Peterm.
Echinochloa spiralis Vasinger
Panicum crus-galli L. var. mite Pursh
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009 Note:
    • based on Alden, B. & S. Ryman. 2005-: SKUD (Swedish Utility and Cultivated Plants Database)
    • http://www.skud.info
  2. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource). http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/BSBI/taxonsearch.php
  3. Boulos, L. & M. N. El-Hadidi. The weeds of Egypt. 1984
  4. Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt. 1999-
  5. Catasús Guerra, L. J. 2002. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, II. Cavanillesia Altera 3:1-163.
  6. CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables. 1974
  7. Demilly, D. et al. Liste alphabétique des principales espèces de plantes cultivées et de mauvaises herbes. Noms latins et noms français, ed. 7. 2001 Note: GEVES-SNES, Beaucouzé, France
  8. Erhardt, W. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 17. Auflage. 2002
  9. Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource). http://www.emplantbase.org/home.html
  10. FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993- http://floranorthamerica.org/
  11. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Echinochloa+crus-galli&quantity=1
  12. Gould, F. W. et al. 1972. A revision of Echinochloa in the United States. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 87:53.
  13. Holm, L. et al. A geographical atlas of world weeds. 1979
  14. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource). http://www.hear.org/pier/index.html
  15. Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS). Australian plant common name database (on-line resource). http://www.anbg.gov.au/common.names/
  16. International Development Consortium. Invasive species compendium (on-line resource). http://www.cabi.org/isc/Default.aspx?
  17. Mun-Chan, B. et al. 1986. A checklist of the Korean cultivated plants. Kulturpflanze 34:97.
  18. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  19. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  20. Seed Regulatory and Testing Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S.D.A. State noxious-weed seed requirements recognized in the administration of the Federal Seed Act (updated annually). http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELPRDC5090172
  21. 't Mannetje, L. & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 4:126-127. http://proseanet.org
  22. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. Flora of Iraq. 1966-
  23. Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. Flora of tropical East Africa. 1952-
  24. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  25. Tzvelev, N. N. Zlaki SSSR. 1976
  26. Vibrans, H., ed. Malezas de México (on-line resource). Note: http://www.conabio.gob.mx/malezasdemexico/poaceae/echinochloa-crus-galli/fichas/pagina1.htm
  27. Webster, R. K. 1992. Compendium of rice diseases. The disease compendium series. 1973- 18.
  28. Zuloaga, F. O. et al. 2003. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:217.
Common names
English
barnyard grass –
barnyard millet –
cocksfoot grass –
cockshin grass –
cockspur –
cockspur grass –
cockspur-panic –
water grass –
wild millet –
Arabic
denieba –
French
echinochloa pied-de-coq –
panic pied-de-coq –
pied de coq –
German
gewöhnliche Hühnerhirse –
Hühnerhirse –
India
sanwak –
Spanish
arrocillo –
pata de gallo –
pie de gallina –
zacate de agua –
Swedish
hönshirs –
Transcribed Korean
pi –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
4NaturalizedAfricaEast Tropical AfricaTanzania  
4NaturalizedAfricaEast Tropical AfricaUganda  
4NaturalizedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
4NaturalizedAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaMozambique  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaEswatini  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
4NaturalizedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaGuinea  
4NaturalizedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaSenegal  
4NaturalizedAfricaWestern Indian OceanMadagascar  
4NaturalizedAfricaWestern Indian OceanMauritius  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateChinaChina  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaKorea  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaTaiwan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaUzbekistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern Asia******  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentBangladesh  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentBhutan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentNepal  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentSri Lanka  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaCambodia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaLaos  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaThailand  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaVietnam  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalMalesiaIndonesia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalMalesiaMalaysia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalMalesiaPhilippines  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeBelarus  
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeEstonia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeUkraine  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeBelgium  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeCzech Republic  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeNetherlands  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeDenmark  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Mexico  
4NaturalizedNorthern America North America  
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificU.S. Outlying IslandsJohnston Atoll 
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificU.S. Outlying IslandsMidway Islands 
4NaturalizedPacificNorth-Central PacificUnited StatesHawaii 
4NaturalizedPacificNorthwestern PacificMarshall Islands  
4NaturalizedPacificNorthwestern PacificMicronesia  
4NaturalizedPacificSouth-Central PacificFrench Polynesia  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificFiji  
4NaturalizedPacificSouthwestern PacificNew Caledonia  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazil  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanWest Indies  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaNorthern South AmericaVenezuela  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentina  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaChile  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaParaguay  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaUruguay  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaColombia  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaPeru  
6Other    origin obscure, likely tropical Asia
Naturalized
Africa
  • EAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Tanzania, Uganda
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Sudan
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Mozambique
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: Eswatini, South Africa
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Guinea, Senegal
  • WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN: Madagascar, Mauritius
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China
  • EASTERN ASIA: Korea, Japan, Taiwan
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Uzbekistan
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, ******, Lebanon, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan
  • INDO-CHINA: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
  • MALESIA: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Belarus, Estonia, Ukraine
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Denmark, Norway
Northern America
  • REGION: North America, Mexico
Pacific
  • NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: U.S. Outlying Islands [Johnston Atoll, Midway Islands], United States [Hawaii]
  • NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Micronesia, Marshall Islands
  • SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC: French Polynesia
  • SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC: Fiji, New Caledonia
Southern America
  • BRAZIL: Brazil
  • CARIBBEAN: West Indies
  • NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Colombia, Peru
Other (origin obscure, likely tropical Asia)
Economic Uses
Harmful organism host
Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide Geigy Weed Tables. 1968) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.