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Taxon:  Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.



Summary
Genus:
Citrus
Family:
Rutaceae
Subfamily:
Aurantioideae
Tribe:
Aurantieae
Subtribe:
Citrinae
Nomen number:
10732
Place of publication:
Fl. indica 173. 1768
Comment:
valid publication verified from original literature
Verified:
07/19/2011 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
8 (8  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Citrus medica L. var. limon L.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Citrus limonum Risso
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Bayer, R. J. et al. 2009. A molecular phylogeny of the orange subfamily (Rutaceae: Aurantioideae) using nine cpDNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 96:668-685. http://www.amjbot.org
  2. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
  3. Citrus Crop Germplasm Committee. 1998. pers. comm. Note: re. common names
  4. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India. 1950. The wealth of India: a dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. Raw materials. Delhi. 1948-1976 2:190.
  5. Craker, L. E. & J. E. Simon, eds. Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants, 2 vols. 1986-1987
  6. Cufodontis, G. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta. 1953-1972 Note: = Citrus limonia Osbeck
  7. Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
  8. Elevitch, C. R., ed. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry (on-line resource). Note: http://www.agroforestry.net/tti/Citrus-citrus.pdf
  9. Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
  10. Erhardt, W. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 17. Auflage. 2002
  11. Facciola, S. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants. 1990 Note: Kampong Publications
  12. Federici, C. T. et al. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Citrus (Rutaceae) and related genera as revealed by RFLP and RAPD analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 96:812-822. Note: this study included four samples of Citrus limon including cultivar 'Eureka'
  13. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 2010. Ecocrop (on-line resource). Note: http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropListDetails?code=&relation=beginsWith&name=Citrus+limon&quantity=1
  14. Garcia-Lor, A. et al. 2013. A nuclear phylogenetic analysis: SNPs, indels and SSRs deliver new insights into the relationships in the 'true citrus fruit trees' group (Citrinae, Rutaceae) and the origin of cultivated species. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 111:1-19. http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year
  15. Gmitter, F. G. et al. 2009. Citrus breeding. Breeding plantation tree crops: temperate species. 2009 105-134.
  16. Gmitter, F. G., Jr. et al. 2007. Chapter 14. Citrus fruits. Genome mapping and molecular breeding in plants (7 vols.). 2007 4:265-279. Note: mentions as a probable hybrid between Citrus medica and C. aurantifolia
  17. Grosser, J. W. et al. 2000. Somatic hybridization in Citrus: an efefctive tool to facilitate variety improvement. In Vitro Cell. Developmental Biol., Plant 36:434-449. Note: this review cites hybrids involving Citrus limon for both scion and graft stock improvement
  18. Groth, D. 2005. pers. comm. Note: re. Brazilian common names
  19. Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001 http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:3:2422827336895397#
  20. Hara, H. et al. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal. 1978-1982
  21. Kunkel, G. Plants for human consumption. 1984
  22. Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996 Note: 343, 413.
  23. Li, X. et al. 2010. The origin of cultivated Citrus as inferred from Internal Transcribed Spacer and chloroplast DNA sequence and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism fingerprints. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 135:341-350. Note: this study included two cultivars of Citrus limon
  24. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  25. Mabberley, D. J. 1997. A classification for edible Citrus (Rutaceae). Telopea 7:169. Note: lists as Citrus ×limon (L.) Osbeck
  26. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
  27. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 Note: American Herbal Products Association, Silver Spring, MD
  28. Nicolosi, E. et al. 2000. Citrus phylogeny and genetic origin of important species as investigated by molecular markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 100:1155-1166. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/122
  29. Ollitrault, P. et al. 2012. SNP mining in C. clementina BAC end sequences; transferability in the Citrus genus (Rutaceae), phylogenetic inferences and perspectives for genetic mapping. B. M. C. Genomics 13:13. Note: this study examined the usefulness of SNP markers derived from Citrus clementina for understanding the "origin of some secondary species and important cultivars"; it confirmed the hybrid origin of C. limon with a diverse genomic contribution from C. medica
  30. Penjor, T. et al. 2013. Phylogenetic relationships of Citrus and its relatives based on matK gene sequences. PLoS One 8(4): e62574. Note: this study included two samples of Citrus limon that grouped within the pummelo cluster
  31. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource). http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Frontpage.html
  32. Rehm, S. & G. Espig. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics. 1991
  33. Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
  34. Scora, R. W. 1975. On the history and origin of Citrus. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 102:369-375.
  35. Snoussi, H. et al. 2012. Assessment of the genetic diversity of the Tunisian citrus rootstock germplasm. B. M. C. Genet. 13:16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcgenetics/
  36. Swingle, W. T. & P. C. Reece. The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives. 1967
  37. Tanaka, T. 1954. Species problem in Citrus: a critical study of wild and cultivated units of Citrus, based upon field studies in their native homes. Revisio Aurantiacearum. 1928-1961 9:114. Note: Maruzen Co. Ltd, Tokyo.
  38. Townsend, C. C. & E. Guest. Flora of Iraq. 1966-
  39. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  40. Walters, S. M. et al., eds. European garden flora. 1986-
  41. Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. Flora of Panama. 1943-1980
  42. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- Note: = Citrus × limon
Common names
English
lemon –
French
citronnier –
limonier –
German
Zitrone –
Italian
limone –
Portuguese
limão –
limoeiro-azedo –
Portuguese (Brazil)
limão-eureka –
limão-gênova –
limão-siciliano –
limão-verdadeiro –
limoeiro –
Spanish
limón –
limonero –
Transcribed Chinese
li meng –
ning meng –
Transliterated Arabic
limum –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
2Cultivated    widely cult. in tropics & subtropics
6Other    origin unknown, likely China
Cultivated (widely cult. in tropics & subtropics)
Other (origin unknown, likely China)
Economic Uses
Food additives
Human food
beverage base (fide Wealth India RM 2:190. 1950) –
Materials
essential oils (source of neroli citronier used in perfumery fide Ency CNatIn) –
Medicines
folklore (fide CRC MedHerbs ed2; Herbs Commerce ed2) –


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