NGBT Logo Ministère de L'Environnement
Banque Nationale de Gènes

Welcome!
Welcome to the GR Database of The National Genebank of Tunisia.


Taxon:  Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell.



Summary
Genus:
Eruca
Family:
Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)
Tribe:
Brassiceae
Nomen number:
104951
Place of publication:
G. Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt._Eur. 4(1):201. 1918
Verified:
04/01/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. (10 active accession[s])
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. pinnatifida (Desf.) Thell. (0 active accession[s])
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. vesicaria (0 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Eruca sativa Mill.

Homotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica eruca L.

Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Brassica erucoides Roxb.
Eruca longirostris Uechtr.
Eruca sativa Mill. subsp. longirostris (Uechtr.) Jahand. & Maire
Eruca stenocarpa Boiss. & Reut.
No images
Reference(s)
  1. Ali, S. I. & S. M. H. Jafri, eds. Flora of Libya. 1976- Note: = E. sativa Mill.
  2. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988 Note: = E. sativa Mill.
  3. Eriksson, O. et al. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2. 1979
  4. FitzJohn, R. G. et al. 2007. Hybridisation within Brassica and allied genera: evaluation of potential for transgene escape. Euphytica 158:209-230. Note: this review cites studies reporting hybrid formation between this taxon (as E. vesicatia) with Brassica juncea, B. napus
  5. FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993- http://floranorthamerica.org/
  6. Girija, T. & Tabish. Flowers of India (on-line resource). http://www.flowersofindia.in/
  7. Greuter, W. et al., eds. Med-Checklist. 1984- Note: = E. sativa Mill.
  8. Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. Flora of Ethiopia. 1989- (and Eritrea. 2000)
  9. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. 2008 Note: = E. vesicaria (L.) Cav.
  10. Iwatsuki, K. et al. Flora of Japan. 1993-
  11. Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75. 1999 Note: = E. vesicaria (L.) Cav.
  12. Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. Flora of Siberia (English translation). 2000-
  13. Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998 Note: = E. sativa Mill.
  14. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970- Note: = E. sativa Mill.
  15. Pignone, D. & C. Gómez-Campo. 2011. Chapter 8. Eruca. Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, oilseeds. 2011 145-160.
  16. Qiong, H. et al. 2009. Chapter 13. Introgression of genes from wild crucifers. Biology and breeding of Crucifers. 2009 261-308. Note: this review recognized this taxon as Eruca sativa citing sexual hybridization records with Brassica rapa
  17. Rechinger, K. H., ed. Flora iranica. 1963- Note: = E. sativa Mill.
  18. Rollins, R. C. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 1986. Weeds of south-west Asia in North America with special reference to the Cruciferae. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 89B:294.
  19. Rollins, R. C. The Cruciferae of continental North America. 1993
  20. Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. Flora of India. 1993-
  21. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  22. van Treuren, R. et al. 2011. Genetic resources collections of leafy vegetables (lettuce, spinach, chicory, artichoke, asparagus, lamb's lettuce, rhubarb and rocket salad): composition and gaps. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-011-9738-x Note: = E. sativa Mill.
  23. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2006. Brassicaceae: Species checklist and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259:249-258. http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/606
  24. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2007. Genetic variation in Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.. Pl. Genet. Resources Charact. Util. 5:142-153. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=PGR#
  25. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2009. PART III. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization data. Guide to wild germplasm of Brassica and allied crops (Tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae), ed. 3 (on-line resource). 1-91. http://www.brassica.info/info/publications/guide-wild-germplasm.php
  26. Warwick, S. I. 1995. New taxonomic views within Eruca and Diplotaxis genera in the light of hybridization and molecular findings. In S. Padulosi, ed., Rocket Genetic Resources Network. Report of the first meeting, Lisbon, Portugal. Rocket Genet. Res. Netw. 22-35. http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACH902.pdf
  27. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994- http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2
  28. PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) (on-line resource). http://www.prota4u.info/
Common names
English
arugula –
edible rocket –
garden rocket –
Italian cress –
rocket –
rocket-salad –
Roman rocket –
rugula –
salad rocket –
Arabic
gargir –
girgir –
jirjeer –
Danish
salatsennep –
French
roquette –
German
Ölrauke –
Garten-Senfrauke –
Rauke –
Rukola –
Senfrauke –
India
jamba –
taramira –
Italian
ruca –
ruchetta –
rucola –
Malay
rucola –
Polish
rokietta siewna –
Portuguese
rábano-silvestre –
Russian
mindau –
Spanish
oruga común –
roqueta –
Swedish
senapskål –
Transcribed Chinese
zhi ma cai –
Turkish
roka –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaChad n.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria n.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt n.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya n.
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
1NativeAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusArmenia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusAzerbaijan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian FederationDagestan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateCaucasusRussian Federation-CiscaucasiaCiscaucasia 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaGansu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaGuangdong 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHebei 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaHeilongjiang 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaJiangsu 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaLiaoning 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaNei Monggol 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaShaanxi 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaShanxi 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaSichuan 
1NativeAsia-TemperateChinaChinaXinjiang 
1NativeAsia-TemperateMiddle AsiaTurkmenistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateMongoliaMongolia  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern Asia******  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaAfghanistan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaCyprus  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIran  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaIraq  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaJordan  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaLebanon  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaSyria  
1NativeAsia-TemperateWestern AsiaTurkey  
1NativeAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
1NativeEuropeEast EuropeUkraineKrym 
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBulgaria  
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeGreece incl. Crete
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItalySardinia 
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItalySicily 
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania s.
1NativeEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia e.
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance s. & Corsica
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropePortugal  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain incl. Baleares
2Cultivated    lesser cult. elsewhere
2CultivatedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaChad  
2CultivatedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEritrea  
2CultivatedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  
2CultivatedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
2CultivatedAfricaNorthern AfricaAlgeria  
2CultivatedAfricaNorthern AfricaEgypt  
2CultivatedAfricaNorthern AfricaLibya  
2CultivatedAfricaNorthern AfricaMorocco  
2CultivatedAfricaNorthern AfricaTunisia  
2CultivatedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaMali  
2CultivatedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaMauritania  
2CultivatedAfricaWest Tropical AfricaNiger  
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia n. & c.
2CultivatedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentPakistan  
2CultivatedEurope Europe s.
2CultivatedNorthern America Canada  
2CultivatedNorthern America United States  
4NaturalizedAfricaMacaronesiaPortugalMadeira Islands 
4NaturalizedAfricaMacaronesiaSpainCanary Islands 
4NaturalizedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaEthiopia  
4NaturalizedAfricaNortheast Tropical AfricaSudan  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouth Tropical AfricaZimbabwe  
4NaturalizedAfricaSouthern AfricaSouth Africa  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaBahrain  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaKuwait  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaOman  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaQatar  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaSaudi Arabia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaUnited Arab Emirates  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateArabian PeninsulaYemen  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateEastern AsiaJapanHonshu 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Eastern SiberiaEastern Siberia 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateSiberiaRussian Federation-Western SiberiaWestern Siberia 
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustralia  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaNew ZealandNew Zealand  
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeEstonia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeLatvia  
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeLithuania  
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeRussian Federation-European partEuropean partw.
4NaturalizedEuropeEast EuropeUkraine  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeAustria  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeGermany  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeHungary  
4NaturalizedEuropeMiddle EuropeSwitzerland  
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeNorway s.
4NaturalizedEuropeNorthern EuropeSweden s.
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeAlbania  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeBosnia and Herzegovina  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeCroatia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeItaly  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeMontenegro  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeNorth Macedonia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeRomania  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSerbia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSoutheastern EuropeSlovenia  
4NaturalizedEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Canada  
4NaturalizedNorthern America Mexico  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentina  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaChile  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaWestern South AmericaEcuadorLoja 
6Other    exact native range obscure
Native
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Chad (n.)
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria (n.), Egypt (n.), Libya (n.), Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
  • CAUCASUS: Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
  • CHINA: China [Heilongjiang, Hebei, Gansu, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Liaoning, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Nei Monggol, Xinjiang]
  • MIDDLE ASIA: Turkmenistan
  • MONGOLIA: Mongolia
  • WESTERN ASIA: Afghanistan, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, ******, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: Pakistan
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Ukraine [Krym]
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Bulgaria, Greece (incl. Crete), Italy [Sicily, Sardinia], Romania (s.), Serbia (e.)
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain (incl. Baleares), France (s. & Corsica), Portugal
Cultivated

  • REGION:
Africa
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Chad
  • NORTHERN AFRICA: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
  • WEST TROPICAL AFRICA: Mali, Mauritania, Niger
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India (n. & c.), Pakistan
Europe
  • REGION: Europe (s.)
Northern America
  • REGION: Canada, United States
Naturalized
Africa
  • MACARONESIA: Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
  • NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA: Ethiopia, Sudan
  • SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA: Zimbabwe
  • SOUTHERN AFRICA: South Africa
Asia-Temperate
  • ARABIAN PENINSULA: United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Yemen
  • EASTERN ASIA: Japan [Honshu]
  • SIBERIA: Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia
  • NEW ZEALAND: New Zealand
Europe
  • EAST EUROPE: Russian Federation-European part [European part (w.)], Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Austria, Switzerland, Germany, Hungary
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: Norway (s.), Sweden (s.)
  • SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: France
Northern America
  • REGION: Canada, Mexico, United States
Southern America
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile
  • WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA: Ecuador [Loja]
Other (exact native range obscure)
Economic Uses
Animal food
Food additives
flavoring (fide Genet Res Charact Ut 5:143. 2007, as spice in sauces or prepared mustard) –
Human food
oil/fat (seeds are source of Jamba oil or Taramira oil fide Use Pl WT Afr, as E. sativa) –
Weed
potential seed contaminant (fide F Iran, as E. sativa; Cruc NAmer) –


NGBT Plant Germplasm System Distribution Policy

Plant germplasm is distributed to scientists, educators, producers and other bona fide research and education entities from National genebank of Tunisia active collection sites. The NGBT Curator and/or Research Leader will, in accordance with current NPGS policies and procedures, determine the legitimacy of a request when necessary.

Distributions to fulfill requests for repatriation of subsamples of germplasm collections to a country or community of origin, especially following natural or man-made catastrophes, are considered a high priority.

Although distributions for research, education, and repatriation are of the highest priority, the NPGS also encourages various seed-saver organizations and public gardens to conduct germplasm conservation activities that engage many individuals and groups throughout the country. Elements of the NPGS cooperate with seed-saver organizations and public gardens and may store germplasm for and distribute germplasm to such organizations.

Distribution of germplasm from NPGS collections to fulfill requests from individuals seeking free germplasm strictly for home use is generally considered an inappropriate use of limited resources and conflicts with U.S. Government policy of not competing with commercial enterprises. Requestors can be asked, in an appropriate manner, to justify the use of specific NPGS germplasm instead of suitable commercially available germplasm.

Accessions listed in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database as “not available” due to insufficient or low viability seed and/or scheduled for regeneration will generally not be available for distribution.

Other accessions are listed in GRIN as “not available” because they are not a part of the NPGS collection per se, but are conserved in NPGS genebanks to meet specific needs as described later in the section entitled “Categories of Germplasm Distributed and Availability.” In this category are certain accessions of improved germplasm that are only available from the owner/developer. Other accessions require that specific conditions be met by the requestor before distribution is possible.

NPGS sites will not distribute germplasm internationally when they cannot comply with the importation or quarantine requirements of the recipient country unless the requestor can provide a valid waiver of such requirements.